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US4142993A
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Transition metal catalyst
Assignee: Alberta Innovates
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Filing: 1977-12-07
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Granted: 1979-03-06
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Expires: 1997-12-07
Abstract
Abstract A transition metal catalyst suitable for use in the synthesis of ammonia is produced by doping an activated carbon support material with a solution of an alkaline earth metal compound, a solution of a compound of a transition metal from Group VIII and a solution of an alkali metal compound. Each doping is performed separately; the product of each step is baked to obtain a catalyst having a black and lustrous surface. The doping and the baking operations are preferably conducted under vacuum. The catalyst is preferably prepared with barium as the alkaline earth metal, ruthenium as the transition metal and potassium as the alkali metal. The activated carbon support material can additionally be doped with a solution of a compound of a lanthanide metal and/or a solution of a compound of a Group IIIA metal. The present family of catalysts provides good ammonia yields in the fixation of nitrogen at temperatures as low as 375° C. and at pressures ranging from 27 - 67 atmospheres. The activity of these catalysts drops in the presence of carbon monoxide but returns to substantially the initial activity when the carbon monoxide is removed from the reactant stream.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard M. Elofson
- 👤 Fahmi F. Gadallah
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 11:43
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/38; B01J23/54; B01J23/56; B01J23/63; B01J23/58; B01J23/70; B01J23/76; B01J23/78; C; C01; C01C; C01C1/00; C01C1/02; C01C1/04; C01C1/0405; C01C1/0411; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
A method for preparing a transition metal catalyst comprising: doping an activated carbon support material with, in sequence, a solution of an alkaline earth metal compound, a solution of a compound of a transition metal from Group VIII, and a solution of an alkali metal compound.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
46 words
A method for preparing a transition metal catalyst comprising: doping an activated carbon support material with, in sequence, a solution of an alkaline earth metal compound, a solution of a compound of a transition metal from Group VIII, and a solution of an alkali metal compound.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method for preparing a transition metal catalyst as set forth in claim 1 comprising: drying and baking the product after doping with each and every solution.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A transition metal catalyst comprising an activated carbon support material associated with compounds of an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal from Group VIII, and an alkali metal prepared according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A transition metal catalyst as set forth in claim 3 wherein the support material is additionally doped with one or both of (a) a compound of lanthanide metal, and (b) a compound of a Group IIIA metal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the alkaline earth metal is barium; the transition metal is ruthenium; and the alkali earth metal is potassium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a Group III A metal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a lanthanide metal before being doped with the transition metal compound.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the barium is provided in an amount between 1% and 8% by weight of the support; the ruthenium is provided in an amount between 0.1% and 4% by weight of the support; and the potassium is provided in an amount between 5% and 20% by weight of the support.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the lanthanide metal is provided in an amount between 0.5% and 6% by weight of the support, expressed as an equivalent amount of lanthanum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the Group III A metal is aluminum and is provided in an amount between 0.5% and 5% by weight of the support, expressed as an equivalent of aluminum.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a lanthanide metal before being doped with the transition metal compound.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a Group III A metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the alkaline earth metal compound is a salt; the transition metal compound is a salt; and the alkali metal compound is a salt or hydroxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as set forth in claim 13 wherein: the drying and baking steps are performed under vacuum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as set forth in claim 14 wherein: the doping steps are performed under vacuum.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as set forth in claim 13 wherein: the alkaline earth metal is barium; the transition metal is ruthenium; and the alkali earth metal is potassium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as set forth in claim 15 wherein: the alkaline earth metal is barium; the transition metal is ruthenium; and the alkali earth metal is potassium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as set forth in claim 16 wherein: the barium is provided in an amount between 1% and 8% by weight of the support; the ruthenium is provided in an amount between 0.1% and 4% by weight of the support; and the potassium is provided in an amount between 5% and 20% by weight of the support.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method as set forth in claim 17 wherein: the barium is provided in an amount between 1% and 8% by weight of the support; the ruthenium is provided in an amount between 0.1% and 4% by weight of the support; and the potassium is provided in an amount between 5% and 20% by weight of the support.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as set forth in claim 16 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a lanthanide metal before being doped with the transition metal compound.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as set forth in claim 17 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a lanthanide metal before being doped with the transition metal compound.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as set forth in claim 16 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a Group III A metal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method as set forth in claim 17 wherein: the product from the first doping step is doped with an aqueous solution of a compound of a Group III A metal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-03-05 | 1982-09-04 | 1983-03-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-03-05 | 1986-09-04 | 1987-03-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-03-05 | 1990-09-04 | 1991-03-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |