Method for transportation of viscous hydrocarbons by pipeline

Claim 1

An aqueous solution for use in forming oil-in-water emulsions comprising 0.01 to about 2.5 weight percent of a surfactant of the formula: R.sub.c O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.r --(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.s --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.t CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M, wherein R c is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of from 10 to 25 carbon atoms; ##STR8## wherein R d is alkyl of from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, and ##STR9## wherein R e is alkyl of from 8 to 25 carbon atoms, r is an integer of from 2 to about 10; s is an integer of from 1 to about 8; t is an integer of from 2 to about 10, and the sum of r+s+t is not more than 20, wherein at least 60 percent of the oxyalkylene units are oxyethylene units and wherein M is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium and the ammonium ion and wherein the said aqueous solution contains from about 0.01 to about 1.0 weight percent of an alkalinity agent selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide.