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US4223434A
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Method of manufacturing a niobium-aluminum-germanium superconductive material
Assignee: United States Department of Energy
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Filing: 1979-02-01
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Granted: 1980-09-23
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Expires: 1999-02-01
Abstract
Abstract A method for manufacturing flexible Nb 3 (Al,Ge) multifilamentary superconductive material in which a sintered porous niobium compact is infiltrated with an aluminum-germanium alloy and thereafter deformed and heat treated in a series of steps at different successively higher temperatures preferably below 1000° C. to produce filaments composed of Nb 3 (Al,G3) within the compact. By avoiding temperatures in excess of 1000° C. during the heat treatment, cladding material such as copper can be applied to facilitate a deformation step preceding the heat treatment and can remain in place through the heat treatment to also serve as a temperature stabilizer for supeconductive material produced. Further, these lower heat treatment temperatures favor formation of filaments with reduced grain size and, hence with more grain boundaries which in turn increase the current-carrying capacity of the superconductive material.
Inventors
- 👤 John L. Wang
- 👤 Milton R. Pickus
- 👤 Kent E. Douglas
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 11:25
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10N; H10N60/00; H10N60/01; H10N60/0184; H10N60/80; H10N60/85; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/825; Y10S505/917; Y10S505/918; Y10S505/919; Y10S505/92; Y10S505/921; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49014; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12806; Y10T428/12819
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
215 words
A method for manufacturing a flexible superconductive material containing interconnecting filaments of a Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconductive phase comprising the steps of: a. forming a porous niobium compact having a network of interconnecting pores; b. sintering the thus formed niobium compact; c. infiltrating into the interconnecting pores of the sintered compact an aluminum-germanium alloy by passing the sintered compact through a molten bath of the alloy so that the alloy infiltrates into and substantially fills the pores of the sintered compact to form a composite; d. deforming the composite to elongate infiltrant alloy so that the alloy extends as filaments through the composite; e. first, heating the deformed composite to a temperature sufficient to cause the infiltrated alloy to react with niobium and separate into two phases, one, which is composed almost entirely of germanium and another, which is peripheral to the germanium phase and is composed basically of aluminum reacted with niobium; f. second, heating the composite to a second higher temperature so that a germanium-rich germanium-aluminum-niobium phase is formed peripheral to the aluminum-niobium phase, and; g. third, heating the composite to a third temperature higher than the second temperature such that aluminum diffuses through the germanium rich phase and forms a Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconductive phase peripheral to the germanium phase.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
215 words
A method for manufacturing a flexible superconductive material containing interconnecting filaments of a Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconductive phase comprising the steps of: a. forming a porous niobium compact having a network of interconnecting pores; b. sintering the thus formed niobium compact; c. infiltrating into the interconnecting pores of the sintered compact an aluminum-germanium alloy by passing the sintered compact through a molten bath of the alloy so that the alloy infiltrates into and substantially fills the pores of the sintered compact to form a composite; d. deforming the composite to elongate infiltrant alloy so that the alloy extends as filaments through the composite; e. first, heating the deformed composite to a temperature sufficient to cause the infiltrated alloy to react with niobium and separate into two phases, one, which is composed almost entirely of germanium and another, which is peripheral to the germanium phase and is composed basically of aluminum reacted with niobium; f. second, heating the composite to a second higher temperature so that a germanium-rich germanium-aluminum-niobium phase is formed peripheral to the aluminum-niobium phase, and; g. third, heating the composite to a third temperature higher than the second temperature such that aluminum diffuses through the germanium rich phase and forms a Nb 3 (Al, Ge) superconductive phase peripheral to the germanium phase.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature to which the composite is raised in the third heating is at least 850° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the temperature to which the composite is raised in the third heating is about 850° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature to which the composite is raised in the second heating is about 750° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature to which the composite is raised in the first heating is about 600° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the temperature to which the composite is raised in the second heating is about 750° C. and the temperture to which the composite is raised in the first heating is about 600° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 1 further including the step of cladding the composite with a ductile metal between the infiltrating step and the deforming step.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein the cladding metal is copper.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein the cladding metal is tantalum which functions as a diffusion barrier.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 7 wherein the cladding includes an inner cladding of tantalum and an outer cladding of copper.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3815224A
Cited
US4018942A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-23 | 1984-03-24 | 1984-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-23 | 1988-03-24 | 1988-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-23 | 1992-03-24 | 1992-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |