Patent US4419663A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4419663A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Display device
Assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
•
Filing: 1980-03-07
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Granted: 1983-12-06
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Expires: 2000-03-07
Abstract
Abstract A display device comprises a composite body including a display structure of film-shape or plate-shape porous substance made of light transmissive or colored dielectric material and supported to expose at least one surface thereof to an open space and light transmissive liquid material impregnated in the porous substance, and means for applying a signal voltage to the composite body. By electroosmotic movement of the light transmissive liquid material in the porous substance in response to the signal voltage, liquid impregnation factor on at least one surface of the porous substance exposed to the open space is electrically controlled to control light reflection factor or light transmission factor of the composite body to an external light. By forming a plurality of depressions of dot or line shape on the surface of the porous substance exposed to the open space, a high sensitivity control of external light is attained. By applying color ink on the surface of the porous substance or a surface of a support plate for supporting the porous substance, a color display device is attained.
Inventors
- 👤 Tadao Kohashi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:53
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/19; G02B; G02B26/00; G02B26/004; G02B26/005; G02B2207/00; G02B2207/115
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 127
Claim 1
Independent Claim
145 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a composite body including a porous substance member and liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first eletrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
145 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a composite body including a porous substance member and liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first eletrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said liquid material is mixture of at lease one liquid having a higher index of refraction than that of the porous substance member and a second liquid having a lower index of refraction than that of the porous substance member.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member has a plurality of openings substantially extending therethrough from one surface thereof to the other surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of light transmissive dielectric material selected from nitrocellulose, cellulos acetate, mixture thereof, polypropylene, polyamide, vinyl chloride resin, or any combination thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is a microporous membrane filter made of light transmissive dielectric material of synthetic resin and has pores substantially extending from one surface to the other surface thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said composite body is disposed and supported on a support plate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
36 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said support plate is made of electrically insulative material, and said first and second electrodes are disposed on the surface of said support plate facing said composite body.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said first electrode is disposed between said composite body and said support plate, and said second electrode is disposed on the surface of said composite body opposite to the surface facing said first electrode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said support plate is made of metal and used as said first electrode, and said second electrode is disposed on the surface of said composite body opposite to said support plate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said first electrode is light reflective or opaque and disposed between said support plate and said composite body, and said second electrode is light transmissive and disposed on the surface of said composite body opposite to said support plate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of first electrodes are light reflective or opaque, insulated from each other and disposed between said support plate and said composite body, and said second electrode is liquid permeative and light transmissive and disposed on the surface of said composite body opposite to said support plate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said first electrode is an evaporated metal film deposited on the surface of at least one of opposing said support plate and said composite body.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
41 words
The display device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein said first electrode is made of conductive paint including at least graphite particles, deposited on the surface of at least one of the opposing said support plate and said composite body.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
47 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said first electrode is deposited on said support plate, an opaque material disposed between said first electrode and said composite body, and said second electrode is deposited on the surface of said composite body opposite to said support plate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
59 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of light transmissive material having a plurality of openings exposed to at least one surface thereof and depressions formed in the surface of said porous substance member, an opaque material being deposited on the surface of said porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 15, wherein said opaque material is an opaque ink or oil expelling agent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member has a plurality of openings exposed to at least one surface thereof and depressions formed in the surface of said porous substance member.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
46 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein opaque ink is selectively deposited on the surface member of said porous substance while leaving said depressions uncovered, and the first electrode made of conductive ink is selectively deposited on said opaque ink while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
52 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein light transmissive and liquid permeative conductive film is deposited on the surface of said porous substance member and the inner surfaces of said depressions, and the first electrode made of conductive ink is selectively deposited on said conductive film while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
66 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein light transmissive and liquid permeative conductive film is deposited on the surface of said porous substance member and the inner surfaces of said depressions, opaque ink is selectively deposited on said conductive film while leaving said depressions uncovered, and the first electrode made of conductive ink is selectively deposited on said opaque ink while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
86 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein said depressions are formed on the surface of said porous substance member at positions corresponding to one or more patterns to be displayed, opaque ink is selectively deposited on the surface of said porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered, one or more first electrodes made of conductive ink are disposed at positions corresponding to said one or more patterns to be displayed and coupled to electrode lead areas and selectively deposited while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein an opaque material is selectively deposited on said first electrode while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 22, wherein said opaque material is an opaque ink or oil expelling agent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
79 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein said depressions are formed in the surface of said porous substance member at a position corresponding to a pattern to be displayed, said first electrode made of conductive ink selectively deposited on the surface of said porous substance member to cover the portion corresponding to the pattern while leaving said depressions uncovered, and an opaque ink selectively deposited on the surface of said porous substance member while leaving said pattern uncovered.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
The display device according to claim 17 wherein said first electrode is made of conductive ink including conductive particles of at least one of graphite and silver.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
26 words
The display device according to claim 17 wherein said first electrode is made of conductive ink and major binder of said conductive ink is polyamid resin.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein electrode protective ink is selectively deposited on said first electrode while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
39 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of depressions are formed in at least one of surfaces of said porous substance member, and a gap is formed between said support plate and said porous substance member.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
71 words
The display device according to claim 17, wherein said depressions are formed on the surface of said porous substance member at positions corresponding to a plurality of patterns to be displayed, and first electrodes are made of conductive ink selectively formed on areas of said patterns while leaving said depressions uncovered, and grooves continuously extending to follow outlines of said patterns are formed to provide non-application area of said conductive ink.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
59 words
The display device according to claim 29, wherein an opaque material is applied on at least one of the wall surfaces of said grooves formed on a first surface of said porous substance member and on a second surface of said porous substance member opposite to said first surface at positions on said second surface corresponding to said grooves.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 29, wherein said first electrodes are disposed on the surface of said support plate and opaque ink is deposited on said support plate at position corresponding to said depressions.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
30 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein light transmissive color ink is applied to one of surfaces of said porous substance member or the surface of said support plate.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
41 words
The display device according to claim 32, wherein said porous substance member has a plurality of depressions formed on a surface thereof and color ink is applied to the surface of the porous substance member on which said depressions are formed.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
58 words
The display device according to claim 33, wherein said porous substance member is made of plastic material, said depressions being formed by embossing said porous substance member after said color ink has been applied, and at least one of opaque ink or conductive ink forming the first electrode is selectively applied and deposited while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
85 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein a light transmissive auxiliary support plate is disposed to be spaced from the surface of said composite body opposite to said support plate, said auxiliary support plate and said support plate being sealed together by bonding material at the peripheries thereof with spacers being interposed therebetween, and liquid impregnating material is disposed at the inner edges of said support plates to contact with said composite body and disposed between said auxiliary support plate and said support plate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
The display device according to claim 35, wherein said composite body has a plurality of selectively actuable display areas, and the liquid impregnating material is disposed around said display areas.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
144 words
The display device according to claim 6, wherein said first electrode is disposed between said composite body and said support plate, said second electrode isolated from said first electrode and disposed either between said composite body and said support plate or on the surface of said porous substance member opposite to the surface facing said support plate, a display area for controlling light provided on the surface of said porous substance member opposite to said support plate at the position corresponding to at least one of said first and second electrodes, and a signal voltage applying means provided to apply a D.C. voltage between said first and second electrodes in such a polarity that said light transmissive liquid material is caused to move from one of said first and second electrodes to the other electrode, for reducing liquid impregnation factor at said display area.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
38 words
The display device according to claim 36, wherein second signal voltage applying means for applying zero-volt signal between said first and second electrodes is provided to restore the reduction of the liquid impregnation factor at the display area.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
56 words
The display device according to claim 36, wherein second signal voltage applying means for applying a D.C. voltage of equal magnitude and opposite polarity to said signal voltage between said first and second electrodes is provided to restore the reduction of the liquid impregnation factor at the display area and even increase the liquid impregnation factor.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
58 words
The display device according to claim 37, wherein second signal voltage applying means for applying a D.C. voltage of smaller magnitude than and of opposite polarity to said signal voltage between said first and second electrodes is provided to restore the reduction of the liquid impregnation factor at the display area and even increase the liquid impregnation factor.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
51 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein a lustrous member is disposed on one of surfaces of said composite body, a circular polarization plate disposed on another surface such that light transmitted through said circular polarization plate is transmitted through said composite body and reflected by said lustrous metal member.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 30, wherein said opaque material is an opaque ink or oil expelling agent.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
17 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said porous substance member is made of dielectric material.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said porous substance member is made of a microporous membrane filter.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
16 words
A substantially flat display device according to claim 1 wherein said composite body is substantially flat.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
20 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein liquid material has one of monosilane structure, siloxane structure and naphthalene structure.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
40 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said first electrode is disposed proximate a first surface of said composite body and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of the composite body opposite to said first surface.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
26 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein both of said first and second electrodes are disposed proximate one of the surfaces of said composite body.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
28 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein at least one of said first and second electrodes includes a plurality of electrode elements electrically insulated from one another.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
24 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein at least one of said first and second electrodes is formed into seven segment electrode display.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
22 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein at least one of said first and second electrodes is made of metal oxide.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein at least one of said first and second electrodes is made of a conductive film which is thinner than a pore diameter of the porous substance member.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
22 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said voltage supply means includes a D.C. voltage source or an A.C. voltage source.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
24 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of nitrocellulose, and said liquid material is made of dimethyl-triphenyl-trimethoxysiloxane.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
36 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of cellulose acetate, and said liquid material is made of a mixture of methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane and a material selected from methylnapthalene and chloro-naphthalene.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
25 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of cellulose acetate, and said liquid material is made of phenyl-trimethoxy-silane.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is made of a mixture of nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate, and said liquid material is made of a mixture of dimethyl-triphenyl-trimethoxy-siloxane and phenyl-trimethoxy-silane.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
17 words
The display device according to claim 1 further comprising a support member for supporting said composite body.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
40 words
The display device according to claim 58 wherein said first electrode is disposed proximate a first surface of said composite body and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of the composite body opposite to said first surface.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
54 words
The display device according to claim 59 wherein said second electrode is disposed on the surface of the support member facing said composite body and a gap is formed between said composite body and said second electrode, whereby said liquid material flows into said gap upon its movement in response to the signal voltage.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
23 words
The display device according to claim 59 wherein said support member is made of electric conductive material and used as said second electrode.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
33 words
The display device according to claim 61 wherein said first electrode is a single electrode and said support member is divided into a plurality of sections which are electrically insulated from one another.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
25 words
The display device according to claim 58 wherein both of said first and second electrodes are disposed proximate one of surfaces of said composite body.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
28 words
The display device according to claim 58 wherein at least one of said first and second electrode includes a plurality of electrode elements electrically insulated from one another.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
24 words
The display device according to claim 1 further comprising a light absorbing or light reflecting layer disposed proximate a surface of said composite body.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
27 words
The display device according to claim 65 wherein said light absorbing or light reflecting layer is made of electric conductive material and used as said second electrode.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
45 words
The display device according to claim 65 wherein said second electrode is light transmissive and said light absorbing or light reflecting layer is disposed proximate a first surface of the second electrode opposite to a second surface of the second electrode facing the composite body.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
29 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said first and second electrodes are disposed proximate one of the surfaces of said composite body and insulated from each other.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
32 words
The display device according to claim 68 wherein width of said first and second electrodes is longer than space between said first electrode and said second electrode adjacent to the first electrode.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
37 words
The display device according to claim 68 further comprising a support member for supporting said porous substance member, said first and second electrodes being disposed on the surface of said support member facing said porous substance member.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
38 words
The display device according to claim 68 further comprising a support member for supporting said porous substance member, said first and second electrodes being disposed on the surface of said porous substance member opposite to said support member.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
48 words
The display device according to claim 1 wherein said first and second electrodes are disposed proximate one of the surfaces of said composite body and insulated from each other, and further comprising at least one opaque layer for covering at least one of said first and second electrodes.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
27 words
The display device according to claim 72 wherein at least one of first and second electrode is made of opaque material and used as said opaque layer.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
23 words
A reflection type display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member is opaque, and said liquid material is light transmissive.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
26 words
The reflection type display device according to claim 74 wherein said opaque porous substance member is formed by adding coloring agent to a porous substance material.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
21 words
The reflection type display device according to claim 74 wherein said opaque porous substance member is a black microporous membrane filter.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
55 words
A reflection type display device according to claim 1, wherein said liquid material is light transmissive and further comprising at least one light reflective member disposed proximate a first surface of said composite body, and at least one light polarizing member disposed proximate a second surface of the composite body opposite to said first surface.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
40 words
The reflection type display device according to claim 77, wherein said first electrode is light transmissive and disposed proximate said second surface of said composite body, and said second electrode is disposed proximate said first surface of said composite body.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
28 words
The reflection type display device according to claim 77, wherein said first and second electrodes are light transmissive and disposed proximate said second surface of said composite body.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
22 words
The display device according to claim 1, wherein said porous substance member has a plurality of depressions formed in a surface thereof.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
30 words
The display device according to claim 80 wherein said porous substance member has a plurality of openings and the size of each depression is larger than that of each opening.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
179 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of openings and a plurality of depressions formed in a surface thereof, the size of each depression being larger than that of each opening; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a surface of said porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material, in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the depressions.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
179 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of openings and a plurality of depressions formed in a surface thereof, the size of each depression being larger than that of each opening; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a surface of said porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material, in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the depressions.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
35 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein said openings includes pores, gaps, holes or grooves which substantially extend from one surface of the porous substance member to another surface of the porous substance member.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
15 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein said porous substance member is substantially flat.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
23 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein each depression has a shape of dot, spot, line, groove, grating or a combination thereof.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
49 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein said porous substance member has a surface having a first portion to provide a display area and a second portion to provide a non-display area, said depressions being formed in said first portion of the surface of said porous substance member.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
17 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein said depressions has wall surfaces colored by coloring agent.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
30 words
The display device according to claim 82 wherein first electrode is light transmissive and disposed on a surface of said porous substance member and on inner surfaces of said depressions.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
77 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and said first electrode is disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising an opaque material disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
90 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and said first electrode is made of conductive film and disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member and on inner surfaces of said depressions, said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising conductive ink disposed on said first electrode while leaving said depressions uncovered for preventing a breakdown of said first electrode.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
105 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and said first electrode is made of conductive film and disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member and on inner surfaces of the depressions, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising an opaque layer disposed on said first electrode while leaving said depressions uncovered, and conductive ink disposed on said opaque layer while leaving said depressions uncovered for preventing a breakdown of said first electrode.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
13 words
The display device according to claim 90 wherein said conductive ink is opaque.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
53 words
The display device according to claim 90 or 91 wherein said first surface of the porous substance member has a first portion to provide a display area and a second portion to provide a non-display area, said depressions being formed in said first portion of the first surface of said porous substance member.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
107 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said porous substance member has a first surface, which surface has at least one first portion to provide a display area and a second portion to provide a non-display area, said depressions being formed in said first portion, and said first electrode is disposed proximate said first portion of the first surface of the porous substance member, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising an opaque material disposed proximate at least said second portion of the first surface of the porous substance member.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
27 words
The display device according to claim 94 wherein said first electrode is made of conductive ink and disposed on said first surface while leaving said depressions uncovered.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
55 words
The display device according to claim 94 wherein said opaque material is disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered and said first electrode made of conductive ink is disposed on said opaque material corresponding to said first portion of the first surface while leaving the depressions uncovered.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
103 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of the porous substance member, and said first electrode is disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising opaque ink disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered, and oil expelling material disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered for preventing a flowout of said liquid material.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
92 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and said first electrode is disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising oil expelling material disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member while leaving said depressions uncovered for preventing said liquid material from flowing into the display surface of said display device.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
67 words
The display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and said first electrode is disposed on said first surface of said porous substance member, and said second electrode is disposed proximate a second surface of the porous substance member spaced from said first surface, and further comprising electrode protective material disposed on said first electrode.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
17 words
The display device according to claim 99 wherein said electrode protective material includes resin or opaque ink.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
21 words
A color display device according to claim 82, further comprising liquid permeative coloring agent deposited on inner surfaces of said depressions.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
41 words
A color display device according to claim 82, wherein said depressions are formed in a first surface of said porous substance member, and further comprising coloring agent deposited proximate a second surface of said porous substance member corresponding to said depressions.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
195 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least two first electrodes disposed proximate a first surface of said porous substance member and electrically insulated from each other; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; first means for applying a first signal voltage between one first electrode and second electrode to move the liquid material in the porous substance member; and second means for applying a second signal voltage having an opposite polarity of said first signal voltage between another first electrode and said second electrode to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the first and second signal voltages to control the display of light.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
195 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least two first electrodes disposed proximate a first surface of said porous substance member and electrically insulated from each other; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; first means for applying a first signal voltage between one first electrode and second electrode to move the liquid material in the porous substance member; and second means for applying a second signal voltage having an opposite polarity of said first signal voltage between another first electrode and said second electrode to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the first and second signal voltages to control the display of light.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
183 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of first depressions in a first surface thereof and a plurality of second depressions in a second surface opposite to said first surface; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate said second surface of the porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the first and second depressions.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
183 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of first depressions in a first surface thereof and a plurality of second depressions in a second surface opposite to said first surface; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate said second surface of the porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the first and second depressions.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
203 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of first depressions on a first surface thereof; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; support member disposed proximate a second surface of the porous substance member for supporting the porous substance member, which support member has a plurality of second depressions on a surface facing to said second surface of the porous substance member; at least one first electrode disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed on said second surface of the support member and on the inner surfaces of the second depressions; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
203 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of first depressions on a first surface thereof; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; support member disposed proximate a second surface of the porous substance member for supporting the porous substance member, which support member has a plurality of second depressions on a surface facing to said second surface of the porous substance member; at least one first electrode disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed on said second surface of the support member and on the inner surfaces of the second depressions; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
238 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a first surface which has at least one first portion to provide a display area and a second portion to provide a non-display area, said porous substance member having a plurality of depressions in said first portion and at least one groove between said first and second portions; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one opaque layer disposed on said first surface while leaving said depressions uncovered; at least one first electrode disposed on said opaque layer corresponding to at least said first portion without being disposed on inner surfaces of said groove; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the depressions, groove and opaque layer.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
238 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a first surface which has at least one first portion to provide a display area and a second portion to provide a non-display area, said porous substance member having a plurality of depressions in said first portion and at least one groove between said first and second portions; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one opaque layer disposed on said first surface while leaving said depressions uncovered; at least one first electrode disposed on said opaque layer corresponding to at least said first portion without being disposed on inner surfaces of said groove; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and characteristics of the display is enhanced by the depressions, groove and opaque layer.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
19 words
The display device according to claim 106 wherein said opaque layer is disposed on inner surfaces of said groove.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
195 words
A color display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of depressions on a first surface thereof; at least three liquid permeative coloring agents including red, green and blue deposited on inner surfaces of said depressions; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least three first electrodes disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member corresponding to said coloring agents while leaving said depressions uncovered; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; and means for supplying at least three signal voltages between said first electrode and second electrode respectively to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to said three signal voltages to control the display of colored light.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
195 words
A color display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member having a plurality of depressions on a first surface thereof; at least three liquid permeative coloring agents including red, green and blue deposited on inner surfaces of said depressions; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least three first electrodes disposed on said first surface of the porous substance member corresponding to said coloring agents while leaving said depressions uncovered; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said porous substance member spaced from said first surface; and means for supplying at least three signal voltages between said first electrode and second electrode respectively to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to said three signal voltages to control the display of colored light.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
196 words
A color display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a light transmissive porous substance member having a plurality of depressions on a first surface thereof; at least three coloring agents including red, green and blue deposited proximate a second surface of said porous substance member corresponding to said depressions; light transmissive liquid material impregnated in the porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least three first electrodes disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member corresponding to said three coloring agents; at least one second electrode disposed proximate said second surface of the porous substance member; and means for supplying at least three signal voltages between said three first electrodes and second electrode respectively to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to said three signal voltages to control the display of colored light.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
196 words
A color display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a light transmissive porous substance member having a plurality of depressions on a first surface thereof; at least three coloring agents including red, green and blue deposited proximate a second surface of said porous substance member corresponding to said depressions; light transmissive liquid material impregnated in the porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least three first electrodes disposed proximate said first surface of the porous substance member corresponding to said three coloring agents; at least one second electrode disposed proximate said second surface of the porous substance member; and means for supplying at least three signal voltages between said three first electrodes and second electrode respectively to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to said three signal voltages to control the display of colored light.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
210 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of the porous substance member; a first support member for supporting said porous substance member; a second support member disposed to be spaced from a surface of said porous substance member opposite to the surface facing said first support member; bonding material for sealing said first and second support members at the peripherals; liquid impregnating member disposed between said first and second support members to be in contact with said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
210 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a surface of the porous substance member; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a surface of the porous substance member; a first support member for supporting said porous substance member; a second support member disposed to be spaced from a surface of said porous substance member opposite to the surface facing said first support member; bonding material for sealing said first and second support members at the peripherals; liquid impregnating member disposed between said first and second support members to be in contact with said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
20 words
The display device according to claim 110 wherein the porous substance member, first and second support members are substantially flat.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
194 words
A substantially flat display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a substantially flat composite body including a substantially flat porous substance member and liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a first surface of said composite body; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said composite body opposite to said first surface; a substantially flat support member for supporting said second electrode on one surface thereof with a gap formed between said composite body and said second electrode; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and the liquid material flows into said gap upon said movement.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
194 words
A substantially flat display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a substantially flat composite body including a substantially flat porous substance member and liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said device; at least one first electrode disposed proximate a first surface of said composite body; at least one second electrode disposed proximate a second surface of said composite body opposite to said first surface; a substantially flat support member for supporting said second electrode on one surface thereof with a gap formed between said composite body and said second electrode; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light and the liquid material flows into said gap upon said movement.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
170 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; light transmissive liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and have a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first light transmissive electrode disposed on a first surface of said porous substance member; at least one second light transmissive electrode disposed on a second surface of said porous substance member opposite to said first surface; at least one support member for supporting a third surface of said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
170 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a porous substance member; light transmissive liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and have a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first light transmissive electrode disposed on a first surface of said porous substance member; at least one second light transmissive electrode disposed on a second surface of said porous substance member opposite to said first surface; at least one support member for supporting a third surface of said porous substance member; and means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage to control the display of light.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
192 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a composite body including a light transmissive porous substance member and light transmissive liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said light transmissive liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first light transmissive electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; at least one second light transmissive electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member; a light source; lens system for controlling light rays from said light source passing through said composite body; and a projection screen for the display of light, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage so that light rays passing through said composite body is varied for display on the projection screen.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
192 words
A display device for controlling a display of light comprising: a composite body including a light transmissive porous substance member and light transmissive liquid material impregnated in said porous substance member, said light transmissive liquid material having an index of refraction substantially equal to the index of refraction of said porous substance member and having a resistivity selected to permit the operation of said display device; at least one first light transmissive electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; at least one second light transmissive electrode disposed proximate a surface of said composite body; means for applying a signal voltage between said first and second electrodes to move the liquid material in the porous substance member; a light source; lens system for controlling light rays from said light source passing through said composite body; and a projection screen for the display of light, whereby the liquid impregnation factor of the porous substance member is controlled by the movement of the liquid material in the porous substance member in response to the signal voltage so that light rays passing through said composite body is varied for display on the projection screen.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
31 words
The display device according to claim 114 wherein the light source is a collimated light generator and said lens system is a Schlieren projection system which includes a lens and grating.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-05 | 1987-06-06 | 1987-12-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-05 | 1991-06-06 | 1991-12-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-05 | 1995-06-06 | 1995-12-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |