Patent US4426643A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4426643A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrolytic apparatus having a stable reference electrode and method of operating such apparatus
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1981-04-30
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Granted: 1984-01-17
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Expires: 2001-04-30
Abstract
Abstract Electrolytic apparatus employing a reference electrode, e.g. an electrochromic display of the type employing potentiostatic control of write or erase operations, has at least one reference electrode on which a predetermined coating thickness of electrochromic or other electrodepositable material is maintained or replenished by intermittent connection of the electrode to a source of write current. Such a coated reference electrode has a stable potential with respect to the solution which is necessary for potentiostatic control. Two such reference electrodes may be used alternately such that one is being erased and rewritten while the other is connected as a reference.
Inventors
- 👤 David H. Martin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 14:40
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1506; G02F1/153; G02F1/155; G09; G09G; G09G3/00; G09G3/20; G09G3/34; G09G3/38; G02F1/163; G09G2300/00; G09G2300/08; G09G2300/0809; G09G2310/00; G09G2310/06; G09G2310/061; G09G2310/063
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
261 words
An apparatus for use with a source of electric current and an electrochromic cell having a working electrode, a first reference electrode for sensing the potential of the cell and drive means for depositing material on and removing material from the working electrode, said apparatus comprising first switching means for connecting the first reference electrode to a first source of electric current to cause deposition of material on the first reference electrode, second switching means for connecting the first reference electrode to the drive means to provide an indication of the cell potential, a second reference electrode in said cell, said second electrode adapted to serve as an alternate for the first reference electrode in sensing the potential of the cell, said second electrode adapted to serve as a control during the potentiostatic erasure of the first reference electrode, third switching means for connecting said second reference electrode to a first source of electric current to cause deposition of material on the second reference electrode, fourth switching means for connecting said second reference electrode to the drive means to provide an indication of the cell potential, and reference means connected to said first and second switching means for controlling the deposition of material on the first reference electrode, said reference control means connected to said third and fourth switching means for controlling the deposition of material on said second reference electrode wherein said reference means causes alternate operation between said second and said fourth switching means so that only one of the reference electrodes is always connected to the drive means.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
261 words
An apparatus for use with a source of electric current and an electrochromic cell having a working electrode, a first reference electrode for sensing the potential of the cell and drive means for depositing material on and removing material from the working electrode, said apparatus comprising first switching means for connecting the first reference electrode to a first source of electric current to cause deposition of material on the first reference electrode, second switching means for connecting the first reference electrode to the drive means to provide an indication of the cell potential, a second reference electrode in said cell, said second electrode adapted to serve as an alternate for the first reference electrode in sensing the potential of the cell, said second electrode adapted to serve as a control during the potentiostatic erasure of the first reference electrode, third switching means for connecting said second reference electrode to a first source of electric current to cause deposition of material on the second reference electrode, fourth switching means for connecting said second reference electrode to the drive means to provide an indication of the cell potential, and reference means connected to said first and second switching means for controlling the deposition of material on the first reference electrode, said reference control means connected to said third and fourth switching means for controlling the deposition of material on said second reference electrode wherein said reference means causes alternate operation between said second and said fourth switching means so that only one of the reference electrodes is always connected to the drive means.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said reference control means includes a clock pulse source, a counter and a decode circuit.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
An apparatus as described in claim 1 including a fifth switching means for connecting one of said reference electrodes to a second source of electric current and to cause the removal of material on said reference electrode.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
An apparatus as described in claim 3 wherein said second source of current is an offset amplifier.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
An apparatus as described in claim 3 wherein said second source of current is selectively connectable to the working electrode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-16 | 1987-07-18 | 1988-01-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-16 | 1991-07-18 | 1992-01-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-16 | 1995-07-18 | 1996-01-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |