Patent US4451460A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4451460A
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Method and means for repelling animals
Assignee: NORDTEND NEDRE BANEGT 40 N-4000 STAVANGER NORWAY A CORP OF NORWAY AS
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Filing: 1982-07-02
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Granted: 1984-05-29
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Expires: 2002-07-02
Abstract
Abstract For repelling elk, hart, roe deer and similar animals from plantations, orchards, road sections etc. one or more natural or synthetic steroids of the type occurring on human skin or hair or in human sweat or urine are used. Also derivatives of these steroids obtainable by subjecting the steroids to air, moisture or micro-organisms may be used. The steroids are combined with a carrier into a repellent unit which may liberate molecules of the repellent substance to the air for maintaining a concentration perceptible to the sense of smell of the animals.
Inventors
- 👤 Helge Hansen
- 👤 Borje Nystrom
- 👤 Eyvin Torneng
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 10:17
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01N; A01N45/00; A01N63/00; A01N63/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for repelling animals by placing smelling repellent substances in the area from which the animals are to be kept off, characterized by the use as a repellent substances of one or more steroids which are synthetic or have been extracted from naturally occurring materials and which are of the type occurring on human skin or hair or in human sweat or urine and/or of one or more of the derivatives thereof obtainable by subjecting the steroids to air, moisture or micro-organisms in such a manner as to provide in the air a concentration perceptible to the sense of smell of the animals, said steroids being selected from the group consisting of testosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoaetiocholanalone, i-androstanalone, oestrone and androstenol.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for repelling animals by placing smelling repellent substances in the area from which the animals are to be kept off, characterized by the use as a repellent substances of one or more steroids which are synthetic or have been extracted from naturally occurring materials and which are of the type occurring on human skin or hair or in human sweat or urine and/or of one or more of the derivatives thereof obtainable by subjecting the steroids to air, moisture or micro-organisms in such a manner as to provide in the air a concentration perceptible to the sense of smell of the animals, said steroids being selected from the group consisting of testosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoaetiocholanalone, i-androstanalone, oestrone and androstenol.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized by the use as a repellent substance of androsterone or dehydroepiandrosteone or mixtures comprising androsterone and dehydroepiandrosterone.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
124 words
Means for repelling animals, characterized in that as a repellent substance it contains one or more steroids which are synthetic or have been extracted from naturally occurring materials, and which are of the type occurring on human skin or hair or in human sweat or urine, and/or of one or more of the derivatives thereof obtainable by subjecting the steroids to air, moisture or micro-organisms, and that this repellent substance is combined with a carrier into a repellent unit capable of liberating molecules of the repellent substance into the air for maintaining a concentration perceptible to the sense of smell of the animals, further characterized in that said steriods are selected from the group consisting of testosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoaetiocholanalone, i-androstanalone, oestrone and androstenol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
124 words
Means for repelling animals, characterized in that as a repellent substance it contains one or more steroids which are synthetic or have been extracted from naturally occurring materials, and which are of the type occurring on human skin or hair or in human sweat or urine, and/or of one or more of the derivatives thereof obtainable by subjecting the steroids to air, moisture or micro-organisms, and that this repellent substance is combined with a carrier into a repellent unit capable of liberating molecules of the repellent substance into the air for maintaining a concentration perceptible to the sense of smell of the animals, further characterized in that said steriods are selected from the group consisting of testosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoaetiocholanalone, i-androstanalone, oestrone and androstenol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 3 further characterized in that the steroid is androsterone or dehydroepiandrosterone or mixtures comprising androsterone and dehydroepiandrosterone.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 1 further characterized in that the repellent substance is a mixture of two or more steroids or steroid derivatives and the steroids are selected from the group consisting of testosterone, androsterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, 11-ketoaetiocholanalone, i-androstanalone, oestrone and androstenol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
Method according to claim 1 characterized by placing one or more repellent units on or at the borders of the area from which it is desired to repel the animals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
51 words
The process of claim 1 characterized by placing one or more repellent units on or at the borders of the area from which it is desired to repel the animals and further characterized in that the amount of repellent substance for each repellent unit is between 1 ng and 100 mg.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
Means according to claim 3 characterized by the amount of repellent substance in each repellent unit being between 1 ng and 100 mg.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
Means according to claim 8 characterized in that the repellent substance is androsterone or dehydroepiandrosterone or mixtures consisting of androsterone and dehydroepiandrosterone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4038385A
Cited
US3694593A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-05-29 | 1987-11-28 | 1988-05-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-05-29 | 1991-11-28 | 1992-05-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-05-29 | 1995-11-28 | 1996-05-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |