Patent US4056970A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4452729A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4452729A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Voltage stable nonlinear resistor containing minor amounts of aluminum and boron
Assignee: ABB Inc USA
•
Filing: 1982-11-03
•
Granted: 1984-06-05
•
Expires: 2002-11-03
Abstract
Abstract A sintered nonlinear resistor body, useful in gapless lightning arresters comprises a major amount of ZnO and additional metal oxides including at least Al2O3 and an amount of boron oxide of from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole %.
Inventors
- 👤 William G. Carlson
- 👤 Tapan K. Gupta
- 👤 Andrew S. Sweetana, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 08:51
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01C; H01C7/00; H01C7/10; H01C7/105; H01C7/108; H01C7/112
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
77 words
A sintered high voltage resistor which can exhibit long lasting nonlinear V-I characteristics, consisting essentially of at least about 90 mole % of ZnO and up to about 10 mole % of additional metal oxides effective to provide electrical nonlinearity within the resistor, and including the combination of from about 0.002 mole % to about 0.02 mole % of aluminum oxide and from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole % boron oxide as essential ingredients.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
77 words
A sintered high voltage resistor which can exhibit long lasting nonlinear V-I characteristics, consisting essentially of at least about 90 mole % of ZnO and up to about 10 mole % of additional metal oxides effective to provide electrical nonlinearity within the resistor, and including the combination of from about 0.002 mole % to about 0.02 mole % of aluminum oxide and from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole % boron oxide as essential ingredients.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
113 words
The sintered nonlinear resistor of claim 1, where the amount of boron oxide present is from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.02 mole %, ZnO is present from about 90 mole % to about 97 mole %, the additional metal oxides are effective to provide electrical nonlinearity completely within the bulk of the resistor and are selected from the group consisting of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 , and mixtures thereof, where the resistor is characterized as having the ability to retain its initial nonlinear V-I characteristics and its initial resistive current values during extended use.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
A plurality of the sintered nonlinear resistors of claim 1, where the resistors have flat parallel surfaces with electrodes applied to said surfaces, said resistors being enveloped in an insulator with their electrode surfaces contacting each other without gaps therebetween, to provide a gapless lightning arrester.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
105 words
A sintered high voltage, bulk-type resistor which can exhibit long lasting nonlinear V-I characteristics, consisting essentially of at least about 90 mole % of ZnO and up to about 10 mole % of additional metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 and mixtures thereof, and including the combination of from about 0.002 mole % to about 0.02 mole % of Al 2 O 3 and from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole % of B 2 O 3 as essential ingredients.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
105 words
A sintered high voltage, bulk-type resistor which can exhibit long lasting nonlinear V-I characteristics, consisting essentially of at least about 90 mole % of ZnO and up to about 10 mole % of additional metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Bi 2 O 3 , Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , and SiO 2 and mixtures thereof, and including the combination of from about 0.002 mole % to about 0.02 mole % of Al 2 O 3 and from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.25 mole % of B 2 O 3 as essential ingredients.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
66 words
The sintered nonlinear resistor of claim 4, where the amount of B 2 O 3 present is from about 0.005 mole % to about 0.02 mole %, ZnO is present from about 90 mole % to about 97 mole %, and where the resistor is characterized as having the ability to retain its initial nonlinear V-I characteristics and its initial resistive current values during extended use.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
73 words
The sintered nonlinear resistor of claim 4, where the amount of Bi 2 O 3 present is from about 0.5 mole % to about 3 mole %, the amount each of Co 3 O 4 , MnO 2 and Sb 2 O 3 present is from about 0.5 mole % to about 1.5 mole % and the amount of SiO 2 present is from about 0.1 mole % to about 0.8 mole %.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The sintered nonlinear resistor of claim 4 having flat parallel surfaces with electrodes applied to said surfaces.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
47 words
A plurality of the sintered nonlinear resistor bodies of claim 4 where the resistors have flat parallel surfaces with electrodes applied to said surfaces, said resistors being enveloped in an insulator with their electrode surfaces contacting each other without gaps therebetween, to provide a gapless lightning arrester.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-06-05 | 1987-12-05 | 1988-06-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-06-05 | 1991-12-05 | 1992-06-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-06-05 | 1995-12-05 | 1996-06-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |