Patent US4461848A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4461848A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Production of vesiculated polymer beads
Assignee: Tioxide Group Ltd
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Filing: 1982-10-29
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Granted: 1984-07-24
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Expires: 2002-10-29
Abstract
Abstract An improved process for the manufacture of vesiculated beads has been developed which can be used for the production of semi-gloss or satin finished paints. The process involves mixing an oil-phase containing a cross-linkable polyester resin in solution with a monomer co-polymerizable with the resin and an aqueous phase containing an emulsifying agent under conditions such that globules of the oil-phase are formed having a diameter of less than 1.5 microns. The emulsion containing the globules also contains a base and the amount of the emulsifying agent is from 3 to 16 grams per 100 ml of the oil-phase and the volume fraction has a value of 0.2 to 0.4 and X as defined is from 4 to 8. Preferably the beads are pigmented with titanium dioxide pigment.
Inventors
- 👤 Edmund J. Lawson
- 👤 Charles G. Waterfield
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 17:15
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08F; C08F299/00; C08F299/02; C08F299/04; C08F299/0407; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/42; C08J2367/00; C08J2367/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
160 words
A process for the manufacture of vesiculated polymer beads which comprises: forming an oil phase (A) by dissolving a cross-linkable water-insoluble carboxyl containing polyester resin in a monomer copolymerisable with said resin; forming an aqueous phase (B) by dissolving an emulsifying agent in an aqueous solution; mixing phases (A) and (B) to form an emulsion of (A) in (B) in which 95% of the golubles of (A) so formed usually have a diameter of less than 1.5 microns, said emulsion also containing a base; and polymerising the resin of the golubles to form the desired vesiculated beads in which process the amount of the emulsifying agent is from 3 to 16 grams per 100 ml. of (A), the total amount of the base is from 0.3 to 10 equivalents per carboxyl group of the resin, the volume fraction ##EQU5## has a value of 0.2 to 0.4, and the value of X in the relationship ##EQU6## is from 4 to 8.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
160 words
A process for the manufacture of vesiculated polymer beads which comprises: forming an oil phase (A) by dissolving a cross-linkable water-insoluble carboxyl containing polyester resin in a monomer copolymerisable with said resin; forming an aqueous phase (B) by dissolving an emulsifying agent in an aqueous solution; mixing phases (A) and (B) to form an emulsion of (A) in (B) in which 95% of the golubles of (A) so formed usually have a diameter of less than 1.5 microns, said emulsion also containing a base; and polymerising the resin of the golubles to form the desired vesiculated beads in which process the amount of the emulsifying agent is from 3 to 16 grams per 100 ml. of (A), the total amount of the base is from 0.3 to 10 equivalents per carboxyl group of the resin, the volume fraction ##EQU5## has a value of 0.2 to 0.4, and the value of X in the relationship ##EQU6## is from 4 to 8.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the volume fraction (R) had a value of 0.25 to 0.35.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the amount of the emulsifying agent is from 5 to 12 grams per 100 ml of (A).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the total amount of said base is from 1 to 4 equivalents per carboxyl group of the resin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the carboxyl containing polyester resin is a condensation product of a dihydric alchol, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the monomer is present in the oil-phase (A) in an amount of at least 30% by weight of the resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the monomer is an unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the emulsifying agent is a partially hydrolysed polyvinyl-acetate having a molecular weight of up to 150,000 and having from 85% to 95% of its hydrolysable groups hydrolysed.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 1 in which at least part of the total amount of said base is present in the aqueous phase (B) prior to mixing with said oil-phase (A).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 9 in which a further quantity of said base is added to the emulsion during mixing of said oil-phase (A) and said aqueous phase (B).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 9 in which a further quantity of said base is added to the emulsion after mixing of said oil-phase (A) and said aqueous phase (B).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 in which a pigment is mixed with said oil-phase (A) prior to mixing of phases (A) and (B).
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 12 in which the amount of said pigment is such as to introduce into said beads up to 60% by weight of the total weight of said beads.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 13 in which the pigment is titanium dioxide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-24 | 1988-01-23 | 1988-07-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-24 | 1992-01-23 | 1992-07-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-24 | 1996-01-23 | 1996-07-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |