Patent US4544473A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4544473A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Catalytic electrolytic electrode
Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices Inc
•
Filing: 1980-05-12
•
Granted: 1985-10-01
•
Expires: 2000-05-12
Abstract
Abstract A catalytic body which is substantially amorphous is formed from at least two materials vacuum deposited on a cool substrate or sprayed on a cool surface to provide a local order non-equilibrium structural configuration. The amorphous body comprises a composition of at least one metal and a second component which maintains the amorphous character of the composition. The body has an increased number and desired type of catalytically active sites. In most applications, the composition includes at least initially a component which is removed by leaching or vaporization to leave a rough surface with a large surface to volume ratio. The resulting composition is sometimes annealed to relax or modify the local structure thereof to provide a more reactive structural configuration. In an electrode form of the invention, the catalytic body is highly conductive, resistant to corrosion and degradation under current reversal and has low overvoltage characteristics when used in electrochemical cells.
Inventors
- 👤 Stanford R. Ovshinsky
- 👤 Krishna Sapru
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 17:57
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J37/00; B01J37/06; B01J35/00; B01J21/00; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/76; B01J23/84; B01J37/02; B01J37/0215; C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/86; H01M4/90; H01M4/98; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A catalytic body comprising a composition having at least two vacuum deposited components and at one of said components comprising a transition metal element, said catalytic composition being in a substantially amorphous state, said composition having a local order non-equilibrium structural configuration resulting in a number of at least one desired type of catalytically active site interspersed throughout the bulk of the composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
63 words
A catalytic body comprising a composition having at least two vacuum deposited components and at one of said components comprising a transition metal element, said catalytic composition being in a substantially amorphous state, said composition having a local order non-equilibrium structural configuration resulting in a number of at least one desired type of catalytically active site interspersed throughout the bulk of the composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The catalytic body of claim 1 wherein at least some of said catalytically active sites are the result of the selective removal of an initially randomly distributed component in said composition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein said composition has a porous, high surface area to volume ratio produced by leaching or evaporating a distributed component in the original composition.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 3 wherein said deposited composition is heat treated to relax and/or reconstruct the structural configuration of the originally deposited composition, to increase the catalytic activity thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 forming a hydrogen electrode, and said substantially amorphous composition thereof is an annealed alloy including substantial percentages of each of at least two different metals.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein said substantially amorphous composition consists of a substantially amorphous alloy including substantial percentages of each of at least two different transition metals.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
42 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein the substantially amorphous composition is obtained by directing the components as separate streams toward a surface which is at a relatively cool temperature to assure the formation of said amorphous non-equilibrium structural configuration.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein the substantially amorphous composition includes at least one of vanadium, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, aluminum or boron.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein the amorphous composition of at least one of titanium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, or boron.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The catalytic body as defined in claim 1 wherein said substantially amorphous composition consists of at least nickel and a second transition metal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The catalytic body of claim 1 wherein said substantially amorphous composition includes at least about thirty percent nickel.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3428490A
Cited
US3673116A
Cited
US3926844A
Cited
US4080278A
Cited
US4033837A
Cited
US4105531A
Cited
US4116804A
Cited
US4248680A
Cited
US4323595A
Cited
US4279709A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-09-30 | 1989-04-01 | 1989-10-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-09-30 | 1993-04-01 | 1993-10-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-09-30 | 1997-04-01 | 1997-10-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |