Patent US3792289A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4568087A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4568087A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Non-toxic clay pigeon
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1980-12-05
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Granted: 1986-02-04
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Expires: 2000-12-05
Abstract
Abstract A non-toxic clay pigeon with excellent mechanical and ballistic properties is produced by subjecting a mixture consisting essentially of plaster, an amount of water constituting a considerable amount in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster, calcium carbonate and optionally fly ash, and/or heavy spar; as well as one or more surfactants, organic binders, set-controlling agents and brittleness-promoting agents to compression in a clay pigeon mould heated to a temperature in the range of 100° to 160° C. such that the excess amount of water in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster is driven off from the mould.
Inventors
- 👤 Ib Schreiner-Hansen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:19
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/14; F; F41; F41J; F41J1/00; F41J1/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
153 words
A clay pigeon produced by the method of subjecting a mixture comprising plaster (CaSO 4 ,1/2 H 2 O), an amount of water constituting at least 100% by weight excess in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster, calcium carbonate and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of surfactants, organic binders, release agents, set-controlling agents, and brittleness-promoting agents to compression in a clay pigeon mould heated to a temperature in the range of 100° to 160° C. such that at least part of the excess amount of water in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster is driven off from the mould, and subsequently removing the clay pigeon from the mould, said clay pigeon being characterized by being non-toxic to animals, non-polluting of the environment, capable of withstanding mechanical impacts during transport and from a throwing apparatus, and sufficiently frangible to break when hit by pellets.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
153 words
A clay pigeon produced by the method of subjecting a mixture comprising plaster (CaSO 4 ,1/2 H 2 O), an amount of water constituting at least 100% by weight excess in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster, calcium carbonate and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of surfactants, organic binders, release agents, set-controlling agents, and brittleness-promoting agents to compression in a clay pigeon mould heated to a temperature in the range of 100° to 160° C. such that at least part of the excess amount of water in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster is driven off from the mould, and subsequently removing the clay pigeon from the mould, said clay pigeon being characterized by being non-toxic to animals, non-polluting of the environment, capable of withstanding mechanical impacts during transport and from a throwing apparatus, and sufficiently frangible to break when hit by pellets.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises heavy spar.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises fly ash.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
61 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 1, wherein the mixture comprises about 35 to 55% by weight of plaster, an amount of water constituting at least 100% by weight excess in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster, about 1 to 45% by weight of calcium carbonate and a total of about 1.5 to 5% by weight of additives.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
61 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 1, wherein the mixture consists essentially of about 40% by weight of plaster, about 40% by weight of calcium carbonate, about 18% by weight of water, and about 2% by weight of additives, and the pressure during the compression is about 60 to 100 kg/cm 2 , the temperature being about 125° to 135° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
92 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 2, wherein the mixture consists essentially of about 45 to 55% by weight of plaster, an amount of water constituting at least 100% by weight excess in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster, 1 to 5% by weight of calcium carbonate and a total of up to 5% by weight of the following additivies: surfactants, organic binders, set-controlling agents and brittleness-promoting agents and furthermore about 1 to 5% by weight of fly ash and about 20 to 30% by weight of heavy spar.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 6, wherein the mixture is mixed by dissolving or suspending the additives in water, whereupon heavy spar, fly ash and chalk are admixed while stirring with a subsequent addition of plaster.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 6, wherein the mixture consists essentially of about 50% by weight of plaster, about 20% by weight of water, about 3% by weight of fly ash, about 25% by weight of heavy spar, about 3% by weight of chalk and a total of about 3% by weight of additives.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 6, wherein the relative weight ratio of the additives contained in the mixture is approximately 15:10:0,5:3.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
30 words
A clay pigeon according to claim 1, wherein the clay pigeon mould is of a design to produce a clay pigeon having the shape depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The clay pigeon of claim 1, wherein the clay pigeon mould is heated to a temperature in the range of 120° to 160° C.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The clay pigeon of claim 1, wherein the clay pigeon mould is heated to a temperature in the range of 125° to 135° C.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
The clay pigeon of claim 1, wherein the mixture includes an amount of water constituting 100 to 200% by weight excess in relation to the amount necessary for setting the plaster.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-08-05 | 1990-02-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-02-03 | 1993-08-05 | 1994-02-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-02-03 | 1997-08-05 | 1998-02-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |