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Patent US4592852A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4592852A
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Composition and process for treating plastics with alkaline permanganate solutions
Assignee: MacDermid Enthone Inc
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Filing: 1984-06-07
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Granted: 1986-06-03
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Expires: 2004-06-07
Abstract
Abstract An improved alkaline permanganate composition for etching printed circuit boards is provided by incorporating a secondary oxidant in the solution capable of oxidizing manganate ion to permanganate ion.
Inventors
- 👤 Constantine I. Courduvelis
- 👤 Anthony R. Del Gobbo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 23:20
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K13/00; C09K13/02; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/38; H05K3/381; C23; C23C; C23C18/00; C23C18/16; C23C18/18; C23C18/20; C23C18/22; H05K3/0011; H05K3/0055; H05K2203/00; H05K2203/07; H05K2203/0779; H05K2203/0786; H05K2203/0793; H05K2203/0796; H05K3/10; H05K3/18; H05K3/181
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
72 words
An alkaline composition for treating plastics to improve the adhesion of electroless metal plating thereto comprising: (a) a source of permanganate ions in an amount of about 1 g/l to its limit of solubility; and (b) an effective amount of a secondary oxidant capable of oxidizing manganate ion to permanganate ion wherein the secondary oxidant is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, ozone, hypochlorite salts, metaperiodate salts and trichloro-s-trianzinetrione salts.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
72 words
An alkaline composition for treating plastics to improve the adhesion of electroless metal plating thereto comprising: (a) a source of permanganate ions in an amount of about 1 g/l to its limit of solubility; and (b) an effective amount of a secondary oxidant capable of oxidizing manganate ion to permanganate ion wherein the secondary oxidant is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, ozone, hypochlorite salts, metaperiodate salts and trichloro-s-trianzinetrione salts.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The alkaline composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of permanganate ion concentration to the sum of the permanganate ion and manganate ion concentrations is greater than about 0.5.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The alkaline composition of claim 2 wherein an effective amount of the secondary oxidant is added, as needed, to the solution to control the ratio above about 0.5.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The alkaline composition of claim 3 wherein the secondary oxidant is a hypochlorite salt.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The alkaline composition of claim 4 wherein the ratio is maintained above about 0.7.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
60 words
The alkaline composition of claim 1 wherein (a) the source of permanganate ion is KMnO4 in an amount of about 10 g/l to 100 g/l; (b) the secondary oxidant is NaOCl in an amount of about 1 g/l to 100 g/l; and (c) the alkaline source is an alkaline hydroxide in an amount of about 10 g/l to 150 g/l.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
38 words
The alkaline composition of claim 6 wherein (a) KMnO 4 is about 40 g/l to 90 g/l; (b) NaOCl is about 5 g/l to 50 g/l; and (c) the alkaline hydroxide is about 20 g/l to 90 g/l.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The alkaline composition of claim 1 wherein the secondary oxidant is a hypochlorite salt.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The alkaline composition of claim 8 wherein the source of permanganate ion is KMnO 4 .
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The alkaline composition of claim 9 wherein the hypochlorite salt is sodium hypochlorite.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-12-02 | 1990-06-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-06-02 | 1993-12-02 | 1994-06-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-06-02 | 1997-12-02 | 1998-06-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |