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US4797358A
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Microorganism or enzyme immobilization with a mixture of alginate and silica sol
Assignee: Kikkoman Corp
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Filing: 1985-05-28
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Granted: 1989-01-10
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Expires: 2005-05-28
Abstract
Abstract A microorganism or enzyme is mixed with an alginate and a silica sol in the presence of water to obtain a liquid mixture having a pH of 3 to 10 and containing an alginate concentration of 0.5 to 3.5% (w/v) and a silica concentration originating from the silica sol of 0.5 to 35% (w/v). The mixture is contacted with a gelling agent in the form of an aqueous solution to obtain a gel containing the microorganism or enzyme.
Inventors
- 👤 Hiroshi Motai
- 👤 Yaichi Fukushima
- 👤 Katsumichi Osaki
- 👤 Katutoshi Okamura
- 👤 Kazutaka Imai
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 09:46
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/02; C12N11/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
A process for preparing an immobilized microorganism or enzyme which comprises mixing a starting microorganism or enzyme in the presence of water with an alginate selected from the group consisting of sodium alginate, potassium alginate and ammonium alignate and a silica sol, said silica sol havig a silica colloid particle diameter in the range of from 1 nm to 100 nm, a water solvent, and a pH in the range of 2 to 11to obtain a liquid mixture having a pH of 3 to 10and containing an alginate concentration of 0.5 to 3.5% (w/v) and a silica concentration originating from the silica sol of 0.5 to 35% (w/v) selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, calcium acetate and aluminum sulfate in the form of an aqueous solution to gel the mixture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
134 words
A process for preparing an immobilized microorganism or enzyme which comprises mixing a starting microorganism or enzyme in the presence of water with an alginate selected from the group consisting of sodium alginate, potassium alginate and ammonium alignate and a silica sol, said silica sol havig a silica colloid particle diameter in the range of from 1 nm to 100 nm, a water solvent, and a pH in the range of 2 to 11to obtain a liquid mixture having a pH of 3 to 10and containing an alginate concentration of 0.5 to 3.5% (w/v) and a silica concentration originating from the silica sol of 0.5 to 35% (w/v) selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, calcium acetate and aluminum sulfate in the form of an aqueous solution to gel the mixture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the starting microorganism is a bacterium, yeast or mold.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the enzyme is selected from the group consisting of enzymes insolubilized with tannin or a multi-functional cross-linking agent, enzymes adsorbed on an insoluble carrier, and enzymes suspended in water, a buffer solution or a hydrophlic organic solvent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the tannin is tannic acid or pyrogallol tannin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the multi-functional cross-linking agent is a polyaldehyde or an isocyanate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 3, wherein the insoluble carrier is activated carbon, silica gel, acid clay, porous glass or an ion exchanger.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the contact of the liquid mixture with the gelling agent is conducted by adding the liquid mixture dropwise into the gelling agent under stirring or by spraying the mixture on the gelling agent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
Immobilized microorganisms or enzymes obtained according to the process of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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Cited
US3766013A
Cited
US4272617A
Cited
JPS52120190A
Cited
US4148689A
Cited
JPS5449392A
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US4659664A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-01-10 | 1992-07-11 | 1993-01-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-01-10 | 1996-07-11 | 1997-01-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-01-10 | 2000-07-11 | 2001-01-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |