Patent US5126227A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5126227A
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High contrast photographic elements containing ballasted hydrophobic isothioureas
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1990-10-17
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Granted: 1992-06-30
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Expires: 2010-10-17
Abstract
Abstract Silver halide photographic elements which are capable of high contrast development, when processed in the presence of a hydrazine compound that functions as a nucleating agent, contain both an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster and a ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound comprising a ballasting group, that is attached to the sulfur atom, which serves to restrict the mobility of the compound and thereby aid in retaining it in the photographic element during development. The ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is highly effective in reducing pepper fog and also serves to restrain image spread.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold I. Machonkin
- 👤 Donald L. Kerr
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 14:56
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C1/00; G03C1/005; G03C1/06; G03C1/061
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
107 words
A silver halide photographic element adapted to form a high contrast image when development is carried out, in the presence of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, with an aqueous alkaline developing solution; said element comprising an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster and, in an amount effective to inhibit pepper fog without unduly decreasing speed, contrast, or practical density point, a ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound which has a partition coefficient of at least one and which is represented by the formula: ##STR54## wherein R is a ballasting group containing at least six carbon atoms that is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
107 words
A silver halide photographic element adapted to form a high contrast image when development is carried out, in the presence of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, with an aqueous alkaline developing solution; said element comprising an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster and, in an amount effective to inhibit pepper fog without unduly decreasing speed, contrast, or practical density point, a ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound which has a partition coefficient of at least one and which is represented by the formula: ##STR54## wherein R is a ballasting group containing at least six carbon atoms that is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is represented by the formula: ##STR55## wherein R 1 is an alkyl group of 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is represented by the formula: ##STR56## wherein n is 2 to 6 and R 2 and R 3 are alkyl groups of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is represented by the formula: ##STR57## wherein n is 2 to 6, m is 1 to 3, and R 4 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is represented by the formula: ##STR58## wherein A is an alkylene group of at least six carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is ##STR59##
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is ##STR60##
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is ##STR61##
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is ##STR62##
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is present in said element in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is present in said element in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 2 millimoles per mole of silver.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
58 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster is an amino compound which (1) comprises at least one secondary or tertiary amino group, (2) contains within its structure a group comprised of at least three repeating ethyleneoxy units, and (3) has a partition coefficient of at least one.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 1 wherein said hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent is present in said element.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
52 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 13 wherein said hydrazine compound has the formula: ##STR63## where each R is an alkyl group, n is 1 to 3, X is an anion, m is 1 to 6, Y is a divalent aromatic radical, and R 1 is hydrogen or a blocking group.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
50 words
A photographic element as claimed in claim 13 wherein said hydrazine compound has the formula: ##STR64## where R is a monovalent group comprised of at least three repeating ethyleneoxy units, m is 1 to 6, Y is a divalent aromatic radical, and R 1 is hydrogen or a blocking group.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
224 words
A silver halide photographic element adapted to form a high contrast image upon development with an aqueous alkaline developing solution; said element comprising (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR65## where each R is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, X is chloride or bromide, and Y is phenylene; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR66## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR67## wherein R is a ballasting group that contains at least six carbon atoms, and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
224 words
A silver halide photographic element adapted to form a high contrast image upon development with an aqueous alkaline developing solution; said element comprising (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR65## where each R is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, X is chloride or bromide, and Y is phenylene; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR66## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR67## wherein R is a ballasting group that contains at least six carbon atoms, and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element, in the presence of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said element comprising an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster and, in an amount effective to inhibit pepper fog without unduly decreasing speed, contrast or practical density point, a ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound which has a partition coefficient of at least one and which is represented by the formula: ##STR68## wherein R is a ballasting group containing at least six carbon atoms that is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
114 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element, in the presence of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said element comprising an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster and, in an amount effective to inhibit pepper fog without unduly decreasing speed, contrast or practical density point, a ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound which has a partition coefficient of at least one and which is represented by the formula: ##STR68## wherein R is a ballasting group containing at least six carbon atoms that is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is ##STR69##
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said ballasted hydrophobic isothiourea compound is present in said element in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent is present in said element.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said developing solution comprises a dihydroxybenzene developing agent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said developing solution comprises a dihydroxybenzene developing agent and an auxiliary super additive developing agent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said developing solution comprises hydroquinone and a 3-pyrazolidone developing agent.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said developing solution contains a sulfite preservative.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 17 wherein said developing solution contains a benzotriazole antifoggant.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
251 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises image-wise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution containing a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, an auxiliary super-additive developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing: (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR70## where each R is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, X is chloride or bromide, and Y is phenylene; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR71## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR72## wherein R is a ballasting group which contains at least six carbon atoms and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
251 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises image-wise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution containing a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, an auxiliary super-additive developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing: (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR70## where each R is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, X is chloride or bromide, and Y is phenylene; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR71## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR72## wherein R is a ballasting group which contains at least six carbon atoms and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
152 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution having a pH in the range of 9 to 10.8 and containing hydroquinone, a 3-pyrazolidone developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR73## (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR74## where Pr represents n-propyl, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having the formula: ##STR75##
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
152 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution having a pH in the range of 9 to 10.8 and containing hydroquinone, a 3-pyrazolidone developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR73## (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR74## where Pr represents n-propyl, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having the formula: ##STR75##
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
260 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution containing a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, an auxiliary super-additive developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing: (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR76## where R is a monovalent group comprised of at least three repeating ethyleneoxy units, m is 1 to 6, Y is a divalent aromatic radical, and R 1 is hydrogen or a blocking group; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR77## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR78## wherein R is a ballasting group which contains at least six carbon atoms and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
260 words
A process for forming a high contrast photographic image which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic element and developing said exposed element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution; said developing solution containing a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, an auxiliary super-additive developing agent and a sulfite preservative; said element containing: (1) from about 5×10 -4 to about 5×10 -2 moles per mole of silver of a hydrazine compound which functions as a nucleating agent, said hydrazine compound having the formula: ##STR76## where R is a monovalent group comprised of at least three repeating ethyleneoxy units, m is 1 to 6, Y is a divalent aromatic radical, and R 1 is hydrogen or a blocking group; (2) from about 1 to about 25 millimoles per mole of silver of an amino compound which functions as an incorporated booster, said amino compound having the formula: ##STR77## wherein n is an integer with a value of 3 to 50, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2 taken together and R 3 and R 4 taken together represent the atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring, and (3) from about 0.1 to about 10 millimoles per mole of silver of an isothiourea compound which functions as a pepper fog restrainer, said isothiourea compound having a partition coefficient of at least one and the formula: ##STR78## wherein R is a ballasting group which contains at least six carbon atoms and is substantially free of solubilizing groups.
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