Patent US5203768A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5203768A
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US
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Transdermal delivery device
Assignee: Alza Corp
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Filing: 1991-07-24
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Granted: 1993-04-20
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Expires: 2011-07-24
Abstract
Abstract A transdermal drug delivery device (20) is provided having both an active drug reservoir (24) and a passive drug reservoir (26). Drug is actively delivered by iontophoresis from the active drug reservoir (24) by an electric field generated by a power source (21). Simultaneously, drug is delivered from passive reservoir (26) by passive (i.e., non-electrically assisted) diffusion. In one embodiment, the passive drug reservoir (26) is electrically insulated from the active drug reservoir (24). In a second embodiment, both the active and the passive drug are contained in the same reservoir (34). In the second embodiment, the active drug is ionizable while the passive drug is non-ionizable. Most preferably, the active drug is an ionizable form (i.e., a salt form) of the passive drug.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald P. Haak
- 👤 Felix Theeuwes
- 👤 J. Richard Gyory
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 02:37
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61N; A61N1/00; A61N1/02; A61N1/04; A61N1/0404; A61N1/0408; A61N1/0428; A61N1/0448; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/0002; A61K9/0009; A61N1/0432; A61N1/0436; A61N1/044; A61N1/0444
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
94 words
A transdermal agent delivery device, comprising a unitary device having: an active agent reservoir adapted to be placed in active agent transmitting relation with a body surface and positioned within an electric field generated by electrically connecting the active agent reservoir to a source of electrical power; and a passive agent reservoir adapted to be placed in passive agent transmitting relation to a body surface, the passive agent being able to passively diffuse through the passive agent reservoir, the passive agent reservoir being electrically insualted from the electrical field generated by the power source.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
94 words
A transdermal agent delivery device, comprising a unitary device having: an active agent reservoir adapted to be placed in active agent transmitting relation with a body surface and positioned within an electric field generated by electrically connecting the active agent reservoir to a source of electrical power; and a passive agent reservoir adapted to be placed in passive agent transmitting relation to a body surface, the passive agent being able to passively diffuse through the passive agent reservoir, the passive agent reservoir being electrically insualted from the electrical field generated by the power source.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the passive agent is present in the passive agent reservoir in excess of saturation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the active agent is ionizable.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the active agent comprises a water soluble salt.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the active agent comprises an ionizable salt of the passive agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the passive agent is an acid or a base and the active agent is an ionizable salt of the acid or base.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the active agent and the passive agent ar narcotic analgesics.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the active agent reservoir is comprised at least in part of a hydrophilic polymer matrix containing the active agent.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The device of claim 8, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylene oxides, acrylic polymers and cellulosic polymers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The device of claim 1, including means for electrically connecting and electrically disconnecting the power source and the active agent reservoir.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The device of claim 10, wherein the means for electrically connecting and electrically disconnecting comprises an on-off switch.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
33 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the passive agent reservoir is ion permeable and the device includes an insulating means which electrically insulates the ion permeable passive agent reservoir from the electric field.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The device of claim 12, wherein the insulating means comprises a hydrophobic polymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The device of claim 1, wherein the passive agent reservoir is substantially ion impermeable.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
43 words
The device of claim 5, including an electrolyte reservoir electrically connected to a counter electrode which is electrically connected to the source of electrical power, wherein the passive agent reservoir is positioned between (i) the active agent reservoir and (ii) the electrolyte reservoir.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The device of claim 14, wherein the passive agent reservoir comprises a hydrophobic polymer matrix and the passive agent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The device of claim 13 or 16, wherein the hydrophobic polymer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, polyalkylenes, polyisoprenes, rubbers, polyvinyl acetate, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyvinyl chlorides, and modified cellulosic polymers.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The device of claim 16, wherein the passive agent is soluble in the hydrophobic polymer matrix.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of delivering an agent through a body surface from a unitary device having an actively transported agent reservoir and a nonionizable passively transported agent reservoir, comprising: a) placing the reservoir containing the actively transported agent in agent transmitting relation with a body surface; b) placing the reservoir containing the nonionizable passively transported agent in agent transmitting relation with a body surface to passively transport said agent through the body surface; and c) generating an electric field through the reservoir containing the actively transported agent to actively transport said agent through the body surface.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of delivering an agent through a body surface from a unitary device having an actively transported agent reservoir and a nonionizable passively transported agent reservoir, comprising: a) placing the reservoir containing the actively transported agent in agent transmitting relation with a body surface; b) placing the reservoir containing the nonionizable passively transported agent in agent transmitting relation with a body surface to passively transport said agent through the body surface; and c) generating an electric field through the reservoir containing the actively transported agent to actively transport said agent through the body surface.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 19, including periodically deactivating the electric field to stop the active transport of the active agent.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 19, wherein the active agent is ionizable.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 14, wherein the active agent comprises a water soluble salt.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 19, wherein the active agent comprises an ionizable salt of the passive agent.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 19, wherein the passive agent is an acid or a base and the active agent is an ionizable salt of the acid or base.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
116 words
A method of treating pain by delivering a narcotic analgesic from a unitary device having an ionizable, actively transported narcotic analgesic reservoir and a nonionizable passively transported narcotic analgesic reservoir, comprising: a) placing the reservoir containing the ionizable narcotic analgesic in narcotic analgesic transmitting relation with a body surface; b) placing the reservoir containing the nonionizable narcotic analgesic in narcotic analgesic transmitting relation with a body surface to passively transport said narcotic analgesic through the body surface; c) dissolving the ionizable narcotic analgesic in a solvent to form narcotic analgesic ions; and d) generating an electric field through the reservoir containing the narcotic analgesic ions to actively transport said narcotic analgesic ions through the body surface.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
116 words
A method of treating pain by delivering a narcotic analgesic from a unitary device having an ionizable, actively transported narcotic analgesic reservoir and a nonionizable passively transported narcotic analgesic reservoir, comprising: a) placing the reservoir containing the ionizable narcotic analgesic in narcotic analgesic transmitting relation with a body surface; b) placing the reservoir containing the nonionizable narcotic analgesic in narcotic analgesic transmitting relation with a body surface to passively transport said narcotic analgesic through the body surface; c) dissolving the ionizable narcotic analgesic in a solvent to form narcotic analgesic ions; and d) generating an electric field through the reservoir containing the narcotic analgesic ions to actively transport said narcotic analgesic ions through the body surface.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 25, wherein the ionizable narcotic analgesic and the nonionizable narcotic analgesic are contained in separate reservoirs, the reservoir containing the non-ionizable narcotic analgesic being electrically insualted from the electric field.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 25, wherein the ionizable narcotic analgesic comprises a salt of fentanyl or sufentanil.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 25, wherein the nonionizable narcotic analgesic comprises fentanyl base or sufentanil base.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-04-19 | 1996-10-19 | 1997-04-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-04-19 | 2000-10-19 | 2001-04-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-04-19 | 2004-10-19 | 2005-04-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |