Patent US5265191A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
← Back to Patent Explorer
US5265191A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Technique for voice-based security systems

Assignee: Nokia Bell Labs
•
Filing: 1991-09-17
•
Granted: 1993-11-23
•
Expires: 2011-09-17
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract A voice-based security system requires that a series of utterances to be uttered by the requester contain at least one repeated utterance. The system compares a representation of each instance of the repeated utterance as uttered by the requester to both a prestored template for the utterance and to each representation of the other instances of the utterance as uttered by said requester. The requester is authenticated only if each representation of the repeated utterance as uttered by said requester matches the prestored template and the representations of the repeated utterance as uttered by said requester do not match each other to such a high degree that they are deemed to have been mechanically generated.

Inventors

  • 👤 Bruce E. McNair

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-06 16:56
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L17/00; G10L17/22; G07; G07C; G07C9/00; G07C9/20; G07C9/22; G07C9/25

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim 162 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access based on the results of both of said comparing steps.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 162 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access based on the results of both of said comparing steps.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 97 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to grant access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged and if any of said representations of said at least one particular utternace as uttered by said requester does not identically match any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 104 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to grant access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a first predetermined threshold and if none of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches any other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to within a second predetermined threshold.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 19 words
The method as defined in claim 3 wherein said first predetermined threshold is greater than said second predetermined threshold.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 60 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to deny access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester does not match said at least one previously stored template as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged for said at least one particular utterance.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 50 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester identically matches any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 52 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches any other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to within a predetermined threshold.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 47 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester does not match a corresponding previously stored template for said utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 53 words
The method as defined in claim 1 further including the step of prompting said requester to utter a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance and representations of said utterances, as uttered by said requester, to be received in said step of receiving.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 24 words
The method as defined in claim 9 wherein said predetermined series of utterances is known to said requester prior to said step of prompting.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method as defined in claim 9 further including the step of generating said series of utterances.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 86 words
The method as defined in claim 1 further including the steps of: creating distorted versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester by distorting said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester; and comparing said distorted versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to each of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 55 words
The method as defined in claim 12 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said distorted versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester identically matches any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 164 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and means responsive to all of said means for comparing for making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 164 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and means responsive to all of said means for comparing for making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 97 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to grant access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged and if any of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester does not identically match any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 104 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to grant access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a first predetermined threshold and if none of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches any other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to within a second predetermined threshold.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 19 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 16 wherein said first predetermined threshold is greater than said second predetermined threshold.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 60 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to deny access if each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester does not match said at least one previously stored template as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged for said at least one particular utterance.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 50 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester identically matches any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 52 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester matches any other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to within a predetermined threshold.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 47 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester does not match a corresponding previously stored template for said utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 39 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 further including means for prompting a requester for access to said destination to repeat a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 16 words
The method as defined in claim 22 further including means for generating said series of utterances.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 87 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 further including: means for creating distored versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester by distorting said representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester; and means for comparing said distored versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester to each of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 55 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 24 wherein said determination is to deny access if any of said distorted versions of at least one of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester identically matches any of the other representations of said at least one particular utterance as uttered by said requester.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 30 words
The apparatus as defined in claim 14 further including means for stimulating said destination to grant access by said requester to said destination if said determination is to grant access.
Claim 29
Independent Claim 146 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: promoting a requester for access to said destination to repeat a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance; receiving representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; and denying access to said requester if said at least two representation of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them.
Claim 30
Independent Claim 146 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: promoting a requester for access to said destination to repeat a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance; receiving representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; and denying access to said requester if said at least two representation of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them.
Claim 31
Independent Claim 192 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: prompting a requester for access to said destination to utter a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance; receiving representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access based on the results of both of said comparing steps.
Claim 32
Independent Claim 192 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: prompting a requester for access to said destination to utter a predetermined series of utterances, said series including at least two instances of at least one particular utterance; receiving representations of said utterances as uttered by said requester in response to said prompting, said representations including at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine if they are substantially identical; and making a determination of whether to grant access or to deny access based on the results of both of said comparing steps.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 24 words
The method as defined in claim 28 wherein said predetermined series of utterances is known to said requester prior to said step of prompting.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 17 words
The method as defined in claim 28 further including the step of generating said series of utterances.
Claim 35
Independent Claim 139 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and denying access to said requester if the degree of similarity between said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester is such that they could not have been uttered by a human being speaking them.
Claim 36
Independent Claim 139 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and denying access to said requester if the degree of similarity between said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester is such that they could not have been uttered by a human being speaking them.
Claim 37
Independent Claim 230 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and denying access to said requester if either (i) said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them, or (ii) any of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance does not match with said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a predetermined threshold.
Claim 38
Independent Claim 230 words
A method for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, the method comprising the steps of: receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and denying access to said requester if either (i) said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them, or (ii) any of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance does not match with said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a predetermined threshold.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim 141 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, said apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and means for denying access to said requester if the degree of similarity between said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester is such that they could not have been uttered by a human being speaking them.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim 141 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, said apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and means for denying access to said requester if the degree of similarity between said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester is such that they could not have been uttered by a human being speaking them.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim 234 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, said apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and means for denying access to said requester if either (i) said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them, or (ii) any of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance does not match with said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a predetermined threshold.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim 234 words
Apparatus for use in a voice-based security system which controls the granting or denial of access to a secured destination, said apparatus comprising: means for receiving representations of utterances as uttered by a requester for access to said destination, said representations including at least two representations of at least one particular utterance each of said at least two representations being independently developed from separate utterings of said at least one particular utterance; means for comparing each of said received at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to an at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged; means for comparing each of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance to each other to determine their degree of similarity; and means for denying access to said requester if either (i) said at least two representations of said repeated utterance as uttered by said requester are so identical to one another that they could not have been uttered so identically by a human being speaking them, or (ii) any of said at least two representations of said at least one particular utterance does not match with said at least one previously stored template for said at least one particular utterance as uttered by the individual whose identity was alleged to within a predetermined threshold.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US4450545A Cited
US4825384A Cited
US4449189A Cited
US4653097A Cited
US4961229A Cited
US4922538A Cited
US4821027A Cited
US5054082A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1996-11-22 1997-05-24 1997-11-23 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 2000-11-22 2001-05-24 2001-11-23 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2004-11-22 2005-05-24 2005-11-23 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag