Pigments, their production and use

Claim 2

A pigment (P) obtainable by cationizing desolubilization of (L) the coloured leuco form of a sulphur dye and standardization of the desolubilized product.

Claim 3

A pigment (P) according to claim 1, wherein desolubilization is carried out by reaction of (L) with at least one cationizing compound (A) selected from (A 1 ) a polyvalent metal base or a polyvalent metal salt, (A 2 ) an optionally protonated and/or quaternized polyamine, and (A 3 ) a tertiary of quaternary fatty amine, containing at least one fatty radical with at least 10 carbon atoms.

Claim 4

A process for the treatment of a substrate with a pigment which comprises treating a natural, modified or synthetic substrate with a pigment (P) according to claim 1.

Claim 5

A process according to claim 3 which comprises pigmenting or dyeing a modified natural substrate or a synthetic substrate with a pigment (P) in the mass or from a (P)--containing aqueous and/or organic solvent-based liquor or printing a substrate with a (P)--containing printing paste or ink or painting a substrate with (P)--containing paint.

Claim 6

A composition containing a pigment (P) according to claim 1 and being selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylchloride, synthetic rubber, synthetic leather, viscose, cellulose acetate, modified caoutchouc, natural caoutchouc, oil-based and water-based resins, lacquers, printing pastes, printing inks, coatings for textile materials or leather, and paper.

Claim 7

A composition which is a plastic master batch or a printing ink and which contains a pigment according to claim 1.

Claim 8

A composition according to claim 6 which is a printing ink.

Claim 9

A printing ink according to claim 7 which is a newsprint ink.

Claim 10

A newsprint ink according to claim 8 wherein (L) is the colored leuco form of C.I. Sulfur Black 1 or 2.

Claim 11

A printing ink according to claim 7 wherein (L) is the colored leuco form of C.I. Sulfur Black 1 or 2.

Claim 12

A pigment (P) obtainable by reacting (L) the colored leuco form of a sulfur dye with at least one cationizing compound (A), which is suitable for introducing at least one desolubilizing cation, to produce a desolubilized reaction product containing a reactive primary or secondary amino group and either standardizing said desolubilized reaction product and then reacting the standardized product with (B) a mono- or polyfunctional aldehyde and/or (C) a methylol compound or further reacting said desolubilized reaction product with (B) and/or (C) and then standardizing the product of the further reaction.

Claim 13

A pigment (P) obtainable by reacting (L) the colored leuco form of a sulfur dye with at least one cationizing compound (A), which is suitable for introducing at least one desolubilizing cation, to produce a desolubilized reaction product containing a reactive primary or secondary amino group and either standardizing said desolubilized reaction product and then reacting the standardized product with (B) a mono- or polyfunctional aldehyde and/or (C) a methylol compound or further reacting said desolubilized reaction product with (B) and/or (C) and then standardizing the product of the further reaction.

Claim 14

A pigment according to claim 11 wherein standardizing is carried out by comminuting to a particle size ≦50 μm.

Claim 15

A process for the treatment of a substrate with a pigment which comprises treating a natural, modified or synthetic substrate with a pigment (P) according to claim 11.

Claim 16

A composition containing a pigment (P) according to claim 11 and being selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylchloride, synthetic rubber, synthetic leather, viscose, cellulose acetate, modified caoutchouc, natural caoutchouc, oil-based and water-based resins, lacquers, printing pastes, printing inks, coatings for textile materials or leather, and paper.

Claim 17

A process for producing a pigment (P) which comprises reacting a colored leuco sulfur (L) with at least one cationizing compound (A) which is suitable for the introduction of at least one desolubilizing cation to effect cationizing desolubilization of (L) and standardizing the desolubilized product.

Claim 18

A process for producing a pigment (P) which comprises reacting a colored leuco sulfur (L) with at least one cationizing compound (A) which is suitable for the introduction of at least one desolubilizing cation to effect cationizing desolubilization of (L) and standardizing the desolubilized product.

Claim 19

A process according to claim 15 wherein the desolubilizing cation is selected from polyvalent metal cations and substituted ammonium cations and combinations thereof.

Claim 20

A process according to claim 15 wherein the cationizing compound (A) is selected from (A 1 ) a polyvalent metal base or a polyvalent metal salt, (A 2 ) an optionally protonated and/or quaternized polyamine, (A 3 ) a tertiary or quaternized amine containing at least one fatty radical with at least 10 carbon atoms and combinations of two or more of (A 1 ), (A 2 ), and (A 3 ).

Claim 21

A process according to claim 17 wherein standardizing is carried out by comminuting to a particle size≦50 μm.

Claim 22

A process according to claim 18 wherein (L) is selected from the group consisting of C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blacks 1, 2, 11 and 18, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Reds 10 and 14, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blues 3, 7, 11, 13, 15 and 20, C.I. Reduced Vat Blue 43, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Greens 2, 16, 35 and 36, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Browns 1, 3, 10, 21, 26, 31, 37, 52, 95 and 96, C.I. Leuco Orange 1 and C.I. Leuco Sulfur Yellows 9 and 22.

Claim 23

A process according to claim 19 wherein the leuco sulfur dye (L) is at least partially in sodium thiolate form.

Claim 24

A product obtainable by the process of claim 19.

Claim 25

A process according to claim 17 which comprises reacting (L) with (A 1 ) and with (A 2 ) and/or (A 3 ).

Claim 26

A process according to claim 17 wherein (A 1 ) is (A 11 ) an oxide, hydroxide or salt of a polyvalent light metal.

Claim 27

A process according to claim 17 wherein (A 1 ) is (A 11 ) an oxide, hydroxide or salt of a polyvalent light metal or (A 12 ) a polyvalent transition metal oxide, hydroxide or salt, (A 2 ) is selected from (A 21 ) reaction products of (x 1 ) cyanamide, dicyanodiamide, guanidine or biguanide with (x 2 ) at least one primary or secondary mono-or polyfunctional aliphatic mono- or polyamine; (A 22 ) mixtures or pre-reacted products of (A 21 ) with (x 3 ) at least one N-methylol compound of ureas, melamine, guanamines, triazinones, urones, urethanes, carbamates or acid amides, optionally in the presence of a catalyst (k); (A 23 ) precondensates of (A 21 ) with (x 4 ) epihalohydrin or dihalohydrin; (A 24 ) reaction products of ammonia or (x 2 ) with (x 4 ); (A 25 ) reaction products of (A 24 ) with (x 5 ) 1,3-diaminopropanol-2; (A 26 ) homopolymers of (x 6 ) a mono- or di(meth)allylamine or co- or terpolymers of (x 7 ) one or more mono- and/or di(meth)allylamine and optionally tri(meth)allylamine; (A 27 ) polymers, containing as repeating units at least two quaternary ammonium groups linked by aliphatic and/or aromatic hydrocarbon bridges which may optionally be interrupted by ether-oxygen and/or ester, amide and/or imide groups; and mixtures of at least 2 of the polymers (A 21 ) to (A 27 ), and (A 3 ) is selected form (A 31 ) fatty amines of formulae III and IV ##STR10## wherein R signifies an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 10-24 carbon atoms, R 1 signifies C 1-4 -alkyl R 2 signifies C 1-24 -alkyl, C 3-24 -alkenyl or benzyl R 3 signifies C 1-4 -alkyl and Z - signifies the equivalent of an anion and protonated acid addition products of amines of formula III, and (A 32 ) methylolated melamine derivatives containing at least one C 10-24 -fatty radical and at least one quaternary ammonium group.

Claim 28

A pigment (P) obtainable by the process of claim 24.

Claim 29

A process according to claim 24 wherein (A 11 ) is MgO, MgCl 2 , Ca(OH) 2 , AlCl 3 or TiOCl 2 (A 12 ) is copper-II oxide or chloride, manganese dichloride, nickel oxide, iron sulfate or iron trichloride and (A 32 ) is a compound of the general average of formula V ##STR11## in which R' signifies an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 1-23 carbon atoms, R" signifies hydrogen or C 1-4 -alkyl, R 4 signifies C 1-4 -alkyl or C 2-4 -hydroxyalkyl, Y signifies C 2-4 -alkylene or di(hydroxymethyl)-ethylene, Z - signifies the equivalent of an anion, a is a number from 0.5 to 2.5, b is a number from 1 to 1.2, c is a number from 0 to 2.5, d is a number from 1 to 4.5 e is 6-(a+b+c+d) and a+b+c+d=3 to 6.

Claim 30

A process according to claim 26 wherein (L) is C.I. Leuco Sulfur Black 1 or C.I. Leuco Sulfur Black 2.

Claim 31

A process according to claim 24 wherein (L) is selected from the group consisting of C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blacks 1, 2, 11 and 18, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Reds 10 and 14, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blues 3, 7, 11, 13, 15 and 20, C.I. Reduced Vat Blue 43, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Greens 2, 16, 35 and 36, C.I. Leuco Sulfur Browns 1, 3, 10, 21, 26, 31, 37, 52, 95 and 96, C.I. Leuco Orange 1 and Leuco Sulfur Yellows 9 and 22.

Claim 32

A process according to claim 28 wherein standardizing is carried out by comminuting to a particle size≦50 μm.

Claim 33

A process according to claim 29 wherein (L) is C.I. Leuco Sulfur Black 1 or C.I. Leuco Sulfur Black 2.

Claim 34

A pigment (P) obtainable by the process of claim 30.

Claim 35

A printing ink comprising a pigment (P) according to claim 31.

Claim 36

A pigment (P) obtainable by the process of claim 29.

Claim 37

A process for the treatment of a substrate with a pigment which comprises treating a natural, modified or synthetic substrate with a pigment according to claim 33.

Claim 38

A process according to claim 15 which comprises the further steps of producing the colored leuco sulfur dye (L) by carrying out a thionation reaction to produce a sulfur dye and reducing the sulfur dye to the leuco form (L), the reaction steps of thionation, reduction and desolubilization being carried out in one operational sequence without isolation of the intermediate products.

Claim 39

A process for producing a pigment (P) which comprises reacting a colored leuco sulfur dye (L) with at least one cationizing compound (A) which is suitable for the introduction of at least one desolubilizing cation to produce a desolubilized reaction product containing a reactive primary or secondary amino group and either standardizing said desolubilized reaction product and then reacting the standardized product with (B) a mono- or polyfunctional aldehyde and/or (C) a methylol compound or further reacting said desolubilized reaction product with (B) and/or (C) and then standardizing the product of the further reaction.

Claim 40

A process for producing a pigment (P) which comprises reacting a colored leuco sulfur dye (L) with at least one cationizing compound (A) which is suitable for the introduction of at least one desolubilizing cation to produce a desolubilized reaction product containing a reactive primary or secondary amino group and either standardizing said desolubilized reaction product and then reacting the standardized product with (B) a mono- or polyfunctional aldehyde and/or (C) a methylol compound or further reacting said desolubilized reaction product with (B) and/or (C) and then standardizing the product of the further reaction.

Claim 41

A process according to claim 36 wherein (B) is formaldehyde, a formaldehyde-yielding compound or glyoxal and (C) is an N-methylol compound in which the methylol groups may be etherified with C 1-4 alkyl and which is selected from N-methylol derivatives of urea, cyclic ureas, urone, and (C 1-12 alkyl)-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine-2-one; methylolated lactames of C 4-6 -aminocarboxylic acids, N,N-dimethylol(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, β, N-dimethylol(meth)acrylamide, N-methylol cyclic carbamates with 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene ring element, C 1-4 -alkylene-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyloldicarbamates, C 1-4 -alkyl-N, N'-dimethylolcarbamates wherein the alkyl radical is substituted with hydroxy or C 1-2 alkoxy, and N-methylol derivatives of amino-substituted triazines.

Claim 42

A pigment (P) obtainable by the process of claim 37.