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US5450098A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Tri-dimensional visual model

Assignee: Optibase Advanced Systems 1990 Ltd
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Filing: 1992-09-19
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Granted: 1995-09-12
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Expires: 2012-09-19
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Abstract

Abstract A system and method for converting moving video images to a format used by graphics display boards which is based on a pseudo-color method (i.e., displays such as Super VGA used by IBM personal computers and compatibles capable of displaying only 256 colors wherein the resulting visual model emulates thousands of colors displaying richly colored images and delivering a much better result than technologies based on currently used techniques such as the common histogram method. An error factor is determined for each pixel in a frame and a portion of the error is diffused among the neighboring pixels and the corresponding pixel in the next frame. A selection process specifies a universal palette which contains an optimum set of colors for all images, i.e., without using a histogram which determines the colors which appear most frequently in a single particular image.

Inventors

  • 👤 Ran Oz

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-31 18:16
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N9/00; H04N9/64; H04N9/641; G; G09; G09G; G09G5/00; G09G5/02; G09G3/00; G09G3/20; G09G3/2007; G09G3/2059

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim 229 words
A system for displaying on a video display a plurality of frames of a pseudo color image formed from a true color image made of plurality of pixels using a 256 color palette, said plurality of frames being displayed on said video display sequentially so as to produce a displayed image which has apparent movement, said system comprising: (a) means for converting the true color image to the pseudo color image pixel by pixel, using said 256 color palette; (b) means for determining an error value for each color component of a current pixel between its true color value and the pseudo color value; (c) means for adding a first predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of predetermined pixels adjacent to said current pixel to produce a modified pseudo color image; (d) means for adding a second predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of corresponding pixels in a frame adjacent to a current frame to produce a modified pseudo color image; (e) means for displaying said pseudo color image as modified by said first and second added predetermined portions of said error value; wherein said 256 color palette is formed from a color space designated Y.I.P. which is determined according to the following matrix operation: ##EQU3## wherein said R, G and B represent a red, blue, green color space.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 229 words
A system for displaying on a video display a plurality of frames of a pseudo color image formed from a true color image made of plurality of pixels using a 256 color palette, said plurality of frames being displayed on said video display sequentially so as to produce a displayed image which has apparent movement, said system comprising: (a) means for converting the true color image to the pseudo color image pixel by pixel, using said 256 color palette; (b) means for determining an error value for each color component of a current pixel between its true color value and the pseudo color value; (c) means for adding a first predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of predetermined pixels adjacent to said current pixel to produce a modified pseudo color image; (d) means for adding a second predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of corresponding pixels in a frame adjacent to a current frame to produce a modified pseudo color image; (e) means for displaying said pseudo color image as modified by said first and second added predetermined portions of said error value; wherein said 256 color palette is formed from a color space designated Y.I.P. which is determined according to the following matrix operation: ##EQU3## wherein said R, G and B represent a red, blue, green color space.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 107 words
The system as defined by claim 1 wherein said first and second predetermined portions of said error value are added such that one quarter of the error value is added to one pixel adjacent to the current pixel; one eighth of the error value is added to a second pixel adjacent to the current pixel, and one eighth of the error value is added to a third pixel adjacent to the current pixel, and one half the error value is added to a pixel in the frame adjacent to the current frame at a position corresponding to the position of the current pixel in the current frame.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 788 words
The system defined by claim 2 wherein said 256 color palette is defined by a table of values in a RGB color space over an index K ranging from K=20 to K=255, said table of values being: __________________________________________________________________________ K = 20 . . . 78 K = 79 . . . 137 K = 138 . . . 196 K = 197 . . . 255 R G B R G B R G B R G B __________________________________________________________________________ 18 33 56 129 41 61 172 120 147 215 199 232 39 23 56 82 102 141 193 109 147 236 188 232 60 12 56 103 91 141 130 137 126 255 177 232 81 1 56 124 80 141 151 126 126 194 205 211 18 29 35 145 69 141 172 116 126 215 195 211 39 19 35 82 97 120 193 105 126 236 184 211 60 8 35 103 87 120 146 166 205 255 173 211 81 0 35 124 76 120 167 155 205 194 201 190 18 25 13 145 65 120 188 144 205 215 190 190 39 14 13 82 93 99 209 133 205 236 180 190 60 4 13 103 83 99 146 161 184 255 169 190 81 0 13 124 72 99 167 151 184 210 230 255 34 54 93 145 61 99 188 140 184 231 219 255 55 43 93 82 89 77 209 129 184 252 208 255 76 32 93 103 78 77 146 157 163 255 197 255 97 21 93 124 68 77 167 147 163 210 225 248 34 49 72 145 57 77 188 136 163 231 215 248 55 39 72 98 118 157 209 125 163 252 204 248 76 28 72 119 107 157 146 153 142 255 193 248 97 17 72 140 96 157 167 142 142 210 221 227 34 45 51 161 85 157 188 132 142 231 211 227 55 35 51 98 113 136 209 121 142 252 200 227 76 24 51 119 103 136 162 182 221 255 189 227 97 13 51 140 92 136 183 171 221 210 217 206 34 41 29 161 81 136 204 160 221 231 206 206 55 30 29 98 109 115 225 149 221 252 196 206 76 20 29 119 99 115 162 177 200 255 185 206 97 9 29 140 88 115 183 167 200 226 246 255 50 70 109 161 77 115 204 156 200 247 235 255 71 59 109 98 105 93 225 145 200 255 224 255 92 48 109 119 94 93 162 173 179 255 213 255 113 37 109 140 84 93 183 163 179 226 241 255 50 65 88 161 73 93 204 152 179 247 231 255 71 55 88 114 134 173 225 141 179 255 220 255 92 44 88 135 123 173 162 169 158 255 209 255 113 33 88 156 112 173 183 158 158 226 237 243 50 61 67 177 101 173 204 148 158 247 227 243 71 51 67 114 129 152 225 137 158 255 216 243 92 40 67 135 119 152 178 198 237 255 205 243 113 29 67 156 108 152 199 187 237 226 233 222 50 57 45 177 97 152 220 176 237 247 222 222 71 46 45 114 125 131 241 165 237 255 212 222 92 36 45 135 115 131 178 193 216 255 201 222 113 25 45 156 104 131 199 183 216 242 255 255 66 86 125 177 93 131 220 172 216 255 251 255 87 75 125 114 121 109 241 161 216 255 240 255 108 64 125 135 110 109 178 189 195 255 229 255 129 53 125 156 100 110 199 179 195 242 255 255 66 81 104 177 89 110 220 168 195 255 247 255 87 71 104 130 150 189 241 157 195 255 236 255 108 60 104 151 139 189 178 185 174 255 225 255 129 49 104 172 128 189 199 174 174 242 253 255 66 77 83 193 117 189 220 164 174 255 243 255 87 67 83 130 145 168 241 153 174 255 232 255 108 56 83 151 135 168 194 214 253 255 221 255 129 45 83 172 124 168 215 203 253 242 249 238 66 73 61 193 113 168 236 192 253 255 238 238 87 62 61 130 141 147 255 181 253 255 228 238 108 52 61 151 131 147 194 209 232 255 217 238. __________________________________________________________________________
Claim 5
Independent Claim 191 words
A method for displaying on a video display a pseudo color image formed from a true color image made of plurality of pixels using 256 color palette comprising the steps of: a) converting the true color image to the pseudo color image pixel by pixel, using said 256 color palette; b) determining an error value for each color component of a current pixel between its true color value and pseudo color value; c) adding a first predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of predetermined pixels adjacent to said current pixel to produce a modified pseudo color image; d) adding a second predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of corresponding pixels in a frame adjacent to a current frame to produce a modified pseudo color image; e) displaying said pseudo color image as modified by said added first and second predetermined portions of said error value; wherein said 256 color palette is formed from a color space designated Y.I.P. which is determined according to the following matrix operation: ##EQU4## wherein said R, G and B represent a red, blue, green color space.
Claim 6
Independent Claim 191 words
A method for displaying on a video display a pseudo color image formed from a true color image made of plurality of pixels using 256 color palette comprising the steps of: a) converting the true color image to the pseudo color image pixel by pixel, using said 256 color palette; b) determining an error value for each color component of a current pixel between its true color value and pseudo color value; c) adding a first predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of predetermined pixels adjacent to said current pixel to produce a modified pseudo color image; d) adding a second predetermined portion of said error value to the pseudo color values of corresponding pixels in a frame adjacent to a current frame to produce a modified pseudo color image; e) displaying said pseudo color image as modified by said added first and second predetermined portions of said error value; wherein said 256 color palette is formed from a color space designated Y.I.P. which is determined according to the following matrix operation: ##EQU4## wherein said R, G and B represent a red, blue, green color space.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 106 words
The method defined by claim 4 wherein said first and second predetermined portions of said error value are added such that one quarter of the error value is added to one pixel adjacent to the current pixel; one eighth of the error value is added to a second pixel adjacent to the current pixel, and one eighth of the error value is added to a third pixel adjacent to the current pixel, and one half the error value is added to a pixel in the frame adjacent to the current frame at a position corresponding to the position of the current pixel in the current frame.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 799 words
The method defined by claim 4 wherein for an index K ranging from 20 to 255, said 256 color palette is defined by a table having values within the RGB color space such that for an index K ranging from K=20 to K=255 the corresponding RGB values are: __________________________________________________________________________ K = 20 . . . 78 K = 79 . . . 137 K = 138 . . . 196 K = 197 . . . 255 R G B R G B R G B R G B __________________________________________________________________________ 18 33 56 129 41 61 172 120 147 215 199 232 39 23 56 82 102 141 193 109 147 236 188 232 60 12 56 103 91 141 130 137 126 255 177 232 81 1 56 124 80 141 151 126 126 194 205 211 18 29 35 145 69 141 172 116 126 215 195 211 39 19 35 82 97 120 193 105 126 236 184 211 60 8 35 103 87 120 146 166 205 255 173 211 81 0 35 124 76 120 167 155 205 194 201 190 18 25 13 145 65 120 188 144 205 215 190 190 39 14 13 82 93 99 209 133 205 236 180 190 60 4 13 103 83 99 146 161 184 255 169 190 81 0 13 124 72 99 167 151 184 210 230 255 34 54 93 145 61 99 188 140 184 231 219 255 55 43 93 82 89 77 209 129 184 252 208 255 76 32 93 103 78 77 146 157 163 255 197 255 97 21 93 124 68 77 167 147 163 210 225 248 34 49 72 145 57 77 188 136 163 231 215 248 55 39 72 98 118 157 209 125 163 252 204 248 76 28 72 119 107 157 146 153 142 255 193 248 97 17 72 140 96 157 167 142 142 210 221 227 34 45 51 161 85 157 188 132 142 231 211 227 55 35 51 98 113 136 209 121 142 252 200 227 76 24 51 119 103 136 162 182 221 255 189 227 97 13 51 140 92 136 183 171 221 210 217 206 34 41 29 161 81 136 204 160 221 231 206 206 55 30 29 98 109 115 225 149 221 252 196 206 76 20 29 119 99 115 162 177 200 255 185 206 97 9 29 140 88 115 183 167 200 226 246 255 50 70 109 161 77 115 204 156 200 247 235 255 71 59 109 98 105 93 225 145 200 255 224 255 92 48 109 119 94 93 162 173 179 255 213 255 113 37 109 140 84 93 183 163 179 226 241 255 50 65 88 161 73 93 204 152 179 247 231 255 71 55 88 114 134 173 225 141 179 255 220 255 92 44 88 135 123 173 162 169 158 255 209 255 113 33 88 156 112 173 183 158 158 226 237 243 50 61 67 177 101 173 204 148 158 247 227 243 71 51 67 114 129 152 225 137 158 255 216 243 92 40 67 135 119 152 178 198 237 255 205 243 113 29 67 156 108 152 199 187 237 226 233 222 50 57 45 177 97 152 220 176 237 247 222 222 71 46 45 114 125 131 241 165 237 255 212 222 92 36 45 135 115 131 178 193 216 255 201 222 113 25 45 156 104 131 199 183 216 242 255 255 66 86 125 177 93 131 220 172 216 255 251 255 87 75 125 114 121 109 241 161 216 255 240 255 108 64 125 135 110 109 178 189 195 255 229 255 129 53 125 156 100 110 199 179 195 242 255 255 66 81 104 177 89 110 220 168 195 255 247 255 87 71 104 130 150 189 241 157 195 255 236 255 108 60 104 151 139 189 178 185 174 255 225 255 129 49 104 172 128 189 199 174 174 242 253 255 66 77 83 193 117 189 220 164 174 255 243 255 87 67 83 130 145 168 241 153 174 255 232 255 108 56 83 151 135 168 194 214 253 255 221 255 129 45 83 172 124 168 215 203 253 242 249 238 66 73 61 193 113 168 236 192 253 255 238 238 87 62 61 130 141 147 255 181 253 255 228 238 108 56 61 151 131 147 194 209 232 255 217 238. __________________________________________________________________________

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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1998-09-11 1999-03-13 1999-09-12 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 2002-09-11 2003-03-13 2003-09-12 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 2006-09-11 2007-03-13 2007-09-12 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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