Patent US3718573A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US6161126A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US6161126A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Implementing force feedback over the World Wide Web and other computer networks
Assignee: Immersion Corp
•
Filing: 1999-02-02
•
Granted: 2000-12-12
•
Expires: 2019-02-02
Abstract
Abstract Force feedback is provided to a user of a client computer receiving information such as a web page over a network such as the World Wide Web from a server machine. The client machine has a force feedback interface device through which the user experiences physical force feedback. The web page may include force feedback information to provide authored force effects. Force feedback is correlated to web page objects by a force feedback program running on the client and based on input information from the interface device, the web page objects, and the force feedback information. Generic force effects can also be provided, which are applied uniformly at the client machine to all web page objects of a particular type as defined by user preferences at the client machine. A web page authoring interface is also described that includes the ability to add force sensations to a web page. The user may assign force effects to web page objects and immediately feel how the web page will feel to an end user. A web page is output by the interface, including force information to provide the force effects at a client. The authoring tool can include or access a force design interface for creating or modifying force effects.
Inventors
- 👤 Evan F. Wies
- 👤 Dean C. Chang
- 👤 Louis B. Rosenberg
- 👤 Sian W. Tan
- 👤 Jeffrey R. Mallett
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:47
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F3/00; G06F3/01; G06F3/016; G05; G05B; G05B19/00; G06F3/03; G06F3/033; G06F3/0354; G06F3/03543; G06F3/03548; H; H04; H04L; H04L67/00; H04L67/01; H04L67/02; H04L67/34; H04L67/50; H04L67/75; H04L9/00; H04L9/40; A; A63; A63F; A63F2300/00; A63F2300/10; A63F2300/1025; A63F2300/1037; G06F2203/00; G06F2203/01; G06F2203/013; G06F2203/014; G06F2203/033; G06F2203/0333; H04L67/131; H04L69/00; H04L69/30; H04L69/32; H04L69/322; H04L69/329
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 60
Claim 1
Independent Claim
243 words
A method for providing force feedback over a network comprising: causing a connection to be established between a server machine and a client machine over a network, said client machine including a visual display device and an interface device providing computer-controlled physical force feedback to a user of said interface device; receiving web page information from said server machine over said network, said web page information including screen display information representing a visual layout of a web page and force feedback information related to providing a feel sensation correlated with said visual layout; causing a display of said web page based upon said screen display information, said display provided on said visual display device of said client machine; receiving input information from said interface device for positioning a displayed cursor with respect to said visual layout of said web page; and causing a force feedback signal to be output to said interface device, said force feedback signal based upon said input information and based upon said web page information received over said network, wherein said causing said force feedback signal to be output includes a call to a force feedback program running on said client machine that provides said force feedback signal received by said interface device, wherein said interface device outputs computer-controlled physical force feedback to said user correlated with said visual layout of said web page on said visual display device, said force feedback being based upon said force feedback signal.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
243 words
A method for providing force feedback over a network comprising: causing a connection to be established between a server machine and a client machine over a network, said client machine including a visual display device and an interface device providing computer-controlled physical force feedback to a user of said interface device; receiving web page information from said server machine over said network, said web page information including screen display information representing a visual layout of a web page and force feedback information related to providing a feel sensation correlated with said visual layout; causing a display of said web page based upon said screen display information, said display provided on said visual display device of said client machine; receiving input information from said interface device for positioning a displayed cursor with respect to said visual layout of said web page; and causing a force feedback signal to be output to said interface device, said force feedback signal based upon said input information and based upon said web page information received over said network, wherein said causing said force feedback signal to be output includes a call to a force feedback program running on said client machine that provides said force feedback signal received by said interface device, wherein said interface device outputs computer-controlled physical force feedback to said user correlated with said visual layout of said web page on said visual display device, said force feedback being based upon said force feedback signal.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
234 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: determining which of a plurality of web page objects are force web page objects to be associated with at least one force effect, wherein said force web page objects are web page objects having a predefined type, said web page objects to be displayed in a web page, wherein said web page is derived from web page information received from a server machine over a network, said web page information including screen display information representing said web page objects; and assigning at least one generic force effect to be associated with each of said force web page objects, each of said generic force effects being defined by effect information derived from a client machine, wherein at least one generic force effect associated with a particular one of said force web page objects causes a force signal to be output by said client machine when a user-controlled cursor interacts with said particular force web page object, said cursor and said force web page objects being displayed on said web page by said client machine, wherein said force signal causes an actuator of a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force signal is based on at least a portion of said effect information.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
234 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: determining which of a plurality of web page objects are force web page objects to be associated with at least one force effect, wherein said force web page objects are web page objects having a predefined type, said web page objects to be displayed in a web page, wherein said web page is derived from web page information received from a server machine over a network, said web page information including screen display information representing said web page objects; and assigning at least one generic force effect to be associated with each of said force web page objects, each of said generic force effects being defined by effect information derived from a client machine, wherein at least one generic force effect associated with a particular one of said force web page objects causes a force signal to be output by said client machine when a user-controlled cursor interacts with said particular force web page object, said cursor and said force web page objects being displayed on said web page by said client machine, wherein said force signal causes an actuator of a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force signal is based on at least a portion of said effect information.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method as recited in claim 2 wherein a force control program running on said client machine detects whether said user-controlled cursor is contacting one of said force web page objects having said predefined type.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as recited in claim 3 wherein said force control program is a separate application from a web browser displaying said web page on said client machine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as recited in claim 2 wherein information describing said predefined types of web page objects to be associated with force effects is stored as user preference information on said client machine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method as recited in claim 2 wherein said web page information is processed to add force information to said web page to implement said generic force effects, said force information being added before said web page is displayed by said client machine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
136 words
A method as recited in claim 6 wherein a proxy server processes said web page information to add said force information to said web page, said proxy server connected to said server machine and to said client machine over said network, said proxy server receiving said web page information, determining which of said web page objects are force web page objects, and assigning said at least one generic force effect to each of said force web page objects, wherein said proxy server sends said processed web page information to said client machine so that said web page is displayed on said client machine and said force signal is output to said actuator of said force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine, said force signal being based on said force information in said web page.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
59 words
A method as recited in claim 7 wherein said proxy server receives said effect information from said client machine over said network, said effect information including preferences information to determine which of said web objects in said web page are force web page objects, and to determine the particular generic force effects to assign to said force web objects.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method as recited in claim 7 wherein said proxy server receives a request for said web page information from said client machine, and wherein said proxy server requests said server machine for said web page information to be sent to said proxy server.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
51 words
A method as recited in claim 6 wherein said client machine receives said web page information from said server, determines which of said web page objects are force web page objects, and processes said web page information to add force information to said web page to implement said generic force effects.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
241 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: determining which of a plurality of web page objects are associated with one or more authored force effects, wherein effect information specifying said authored force effects is included in web page information received by a client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said web page information also includes screen display information representing said web page objects to be displayed in a web page on said client machine; determining which of said web page objects are associated with one or more generic force effects, wherein effect information specifying said generic force effects is stored on said client machine prior to receiving said web page information, and wherein said generic force effects are each applicable to a predefined type of web page object; and providing force information when a user-controlled cursor interacts with a particular web page object on said web page associated with at least one of said authored force effects or associated with at least one of said generic force effects, wherein said force information causes a force signal to be output to a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine and causes an actuator of said force feedback interface device to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force information is based on said effect information associated with said particular web page object.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
241 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: determining which of a plurality of web page objects are associated with one or more authored force effects, wherein effect information specifying said authored force effects is included in web page information received by a client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said web page information also includes screen display information representing said web page objects to be displayed in a web page on said client machine; determining which of said web page objects are associated with one or more generic force effects, wherein effect information specifying said generic force effects is stored on said client machine prior to receiving said web page information, and wherein said generic force effects are each applicable to a predefined type of web page object; and providing force information when a user-controlled cursor interacts with a particular web page object on said web page associated with at least one of said authored force effects or associated with at least one of said generic force effects, wherein said force information causes a force signal to be output to a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine and causes an actuator of said force feedback interface device to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force information is based on said effect information associated with said particular web page object.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method as recited in claim 11 wherein if said web page includes both an authored force effect and a generic force effect, further comprising overriding said authored force effect with said generic force effect such that said generic force effect is output instead of said authored force effect.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as recited in claim 12 wherein said authored force effect is overridden based on preferences of said user for said generic force effects, said preferences stored on said client machine.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method as recited in claim 11 wherein if said web page includes both an authored force effect and a generic force effect, further comprising overriding said generic force effect with one of said authored force effects if said generic force effect and said authored force effect are associated with the same web page object.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method as recited in claim 11 wherein said effect information for said authored force effect includes information specifying that said effect information specifying said generic effects and stored on said client machine is to be used in implementing said authored force effect.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as recited in claim 11 wherein said authored force effect is implemented using an ActiveX control referenced by said effect information for said authored force effect.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as recited in claim 11 wherein properties of said web page object associated with said generic force effect are accessed using Dynamic HTML.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for implementing a web page authoring interface including the ability to add force sensations to a web page, the method comprising: causing said web page authoring interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said web page authoring interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects, at least one of said web page objects being a hyperlink object; receiving input from a user to said web page authoring interface, said input selecting one of said web page objects and selecting a force effect to be associated with said selected web page object; and outputting a web page including said web page objects and including force information to allow said force effect to be implemented when said web page is displayed by a client machine after being received by said client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said force effect is commanded by said client machine and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for implementing a web page authoring interface including the ability to add force sensations to a web page, the method comprising: causing said web page authoring interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said web page authoring interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects, at least one of said web page objects being a hyperlink object; receiving input from a user to said web page authoring interface, said input selecting one of said web page objects and selecting a force effect to be associated with said selected web page object; and outputting a web page including said web page objects and including force information to allow said force effect to be implemented when said web page is displayed by a client machine after being received by said client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said force effect is commanded by said client machine and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said force information is a reference to a separate force effect file, wherein said force effect file is downloaded by said client machine to output said force aid force feedback interface device.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said force information includes force effect content data characterizing said force effect.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said web page authoring interface includes a force design interface for creating or modifying said force effect.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as recited in claim 19 further comprising creating said force effect in said force effect file using a force design interface separate from said web page authoring interface.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said force effect is output to a force feedback device and experienced by said user of said web page authoring interface when a user-controlled displayed cursor interacts with said web page object assigned to said force effect.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said web page is in HTML format.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 24 wherein said web page includes scripting instructions for accessing a force-only control program.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as recited in claim 24 wherein said web page portrays a two-dimensional image.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method as recited in claim 18 further comprising receiving spatial input from said user to said web page authoring interface, said spatial input spatially designating an area of one of said web page objects to be associated with a selected force effect.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 27 wherein said spatial input spatially designates an area arbitrarily chosen by said user.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein said user of said web page authoring interface may select a condition in said design interface, said condition determining when said force effect is output based on user input during display of said web page.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as recited in claim 29 wherein said condition includes a cursor controlled by said user moving over said web page object on said web page.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as recited in claim 29 wherein said condition includes a button on said user manipulatable object being pressed by said user.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method as recited in claim 18 further comprising receiving input from said user of said web page authoring interface to associate sound data with said selected web page object, such that when said force effect is output, a sound defined by said sound data is output to said user synchronized with said force effect.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as recited in claim 32 wherein when said force effect is output, a start of said output sound is synchronized to a start of said force effect output.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
135 words
A method for implementing a force-enabled web page authoring interface, the method comprising: causing said force-enabled web page authoring interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said force sensation design interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects; and receiving input from a user to said force-enabled web page authoring interface, said input spatially designating an area of at least one of said web page objects to be associated with at least one selected force effect, said at least one selected force effect to be commanded by a client machine receiving said web page and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
135 words
A method for implementing a force-enabled web page authoring interface, the method comprising: causing said force-enabled web page authoring interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said force sensation design interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects; and receiving input from a user to said force-enabled web page authoring interface, said input spatially designating an area of at least one of said web page objects to be associated with at least one selected force effect, said at least one selected force effect to be commanded by a client machine receiving said web page and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
67 words
A method as recited in claim 34 wherein said input spatially designating an area of said at least one web page object includes input providing a graphical mark on said at least one web page object, wherein said at least one associated force effect is to be output when a user of said client machine moves a user-controlled cursor over a location correlated with said graphical mark.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as recited in claim 35 wherein said graphical mark includes a graphical outline displayed within a sub-area of said at least one web page object.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
46 words
A method as recited in claim 36 wherein said outline surrounds a visually distinguishable region of said at least one web page object so as to make said visually distinguishable region haptically distinguishable from other regions of said web page object and from other web objects.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method as recited in claim 36 wherein a selected force effect associated with said graphical outline includes a texture effect, said texture effect to be output when a user-controlled cursor moves within an interior region of said outline.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
51 words
A method as recited in claim 35 wherein said graphical mark includes a graphical line displayed on a sub-area of said at least one web page object, wherein a selected force effect associated with said graphical line includes a barrier force resisting motion of a user-controlled cursor through said graphical line.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as recited in claim 35 wherein said web page object is a two-dimensional pictorial image or text.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method as recited in claim 35 wherein said graphical mark is visually perceptible by said user of said force-enabled web page authoring interface and is visually invisible to said user of said client machine.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method as recited in claim 34 wherein said at least one selected force effect is output as a force sensation to said user of said force-enabled web page authoring interface when said user moves a cursor over said graphical mark.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 34 wherein said spatial input spatially designates an area arbitrarily chosen by said user.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
103 words
A method as recited in claim 34 further comprising outputting web page information that describes said web page including said at least one web page object associated with said at least one selected force effect, wherein force information is included in said web page to allow said force effect to be implemented when said web page is displayed by a client machine after being received by said client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said force effect is commanded by said client machine and output as a force sensation by said force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine.
Claim 50
Independent Claim
148 words
A method for implementing a force sensation design interface for a web page, the method comprising: causing said force sensation design interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said force sensation design interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects; receiving input from a user to said force sensation design interface, said input associating at least one force effect with at least one of said web page objects, said force effect to be commanded by said host computer and output by a force feedback interface device, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable by a user and moveable in a degree of freedom; and automatically inserting a predefined graphical identifier into said web page, said identifier indicating to a user that said web page provides force effects for use with a force feedback interface device.
Claim 51
Independent Claim
148 words
A method for implementing a force sensation design interface for a web page, the method comprising: causing said force sensation design interface to be displayed on a display device of a host computer, said force sensation design interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects; receiving input from a user to said force sensation design interface, said input associating at least one force effect with at least one of said web page objects, said force effect to be commanded by said host computer and output by a force feedback interface device, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable by a user and moveable in a degree of freedom; and automatically inserting a predefined graphical identifier into said web page, said identifier indicating to a user that said web page provides force effects for use with a force feedback interface device.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as recited in claim 45 wherein said predefined graphical identifier is an image of a logo.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method as recited in claim 45 wherein said predefined graphical identifier is a link object that causes a linked force-feedback-related web page to be downloaded on a client computer displaying said web page when said link object is selected with a user-controlled cursor.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as recited in claim 45 wherein said graphical identifier is automatically inserted into said web page if user preferences stored on said host computer allow said graphical identifier to be inserted.
Claim 55
Independent Claim
185 words
An apparatus for implementing a web page authoring interface including the ability to add force sensations to a web page, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving input from a user in a web page authoring interface displayed on a display device of a host computer, said web page authoring interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects including a hyperlink object, and wherein said input selects one of said web page objects and selects a force effect to be associated with said selected web page object; and means for outputting a web page including said web page objects and including force information to allow said force effect to be implemented when said web page is displayed by a client machine after being received by said client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said force effect is commanded by said client machine and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 56
Independent Claim
185 words
An apparatus for implementing a web page authoring interface including the ability to add force sensations to a web page, the apparatus comprising: means for receiving input from a user in a web page authoring interface displayed on a display device of a host computer, said web page authoring interface displaying a web page including a plurality of web page objects including a hyperlink object, and wherein said input selects one of said web page objects and selects a force effect to be associated with said selected web page object; and means for outputting a web page including said web page objects and including force information to allow said force effect to be implemented when said web page is displayed by a client machine after being received by said client machine from a server machine over a network, wherein said force effect is commanded by said client machine and output as a force sensation by a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine, said force feedback interface device including a user manipulatable object graspable and moveable by a user of said client machine.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
29 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 49 wherein said means for outputting a web page outputs said web page as an HTML file stored in a computer readable medium.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
26 words
An apparatus as recited in claim 49 wherein said means for receiving and said means for outputting include program instructions stored on a computer readable medium.
Claim 59
Independent Claim
228 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: receiving web page information from a server machine over a network, said web page information including screen display information representing a plurality of web page objects to be displayed in said web page; determining which of said web page objects are force web page objects to be associated with at least one force effect, wherein said force web page objects are web page objects having a predefined type; and assigning a generic force effect for each of said force web page objects, each of said generic force effects being defined by associated effect information derived from a client machine, wherein a generic force effect associated with a particular one of said force web page objects causes a force signal to be output by said client machine when a user-controlled cursor interacts with said particular force web page object, said cursor and said force web page objects being displayed on said web page by said client machine, wherein said force signal causes an actuator of a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force signal is based on said effect information associated with said generic force effect that is assigned to said particular force web page object.
Claim 60
Independent Claim
228 words
A method for providing force effects for a web page, the method comprising: receiving web page information from a server machine over a network, said web page information including screen display information representing a plurality of web page objects to be displayed in said web page; determining which of said web page objects are force web page objects to be associated with at least one force effect, wherein said force web page objects are web page objects having a predefined type; and assigning a generic force effect for each of said force web page objects, each of said generic force effects being defined by associated effect information derived from a client machine, wherein a generic force effect associated with a particular one of said force web page objects causes a force signal to be output by said client machine when a user-controlled cursor interacts with said particular force web page object, said cursor and said force web page objects being displayed on said web page by said client machine, wherein said force signal causes an actuator of a force feedback interface device coupled to said client machine to output a force sensation to a user of said force feedback interface device, and wherein said force signal is based on said effect information associated with said generic force effect that is assigned to said particular force web page object.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3919691A
Cited
US4148014A
Cited
US4216467A
Cited
US4477043A
Cited
US4550617A
Cited
US4550221A
Cited
US4769763A
Cited
US5103404A
Cited
US5591924A
Cited
US4811608A
Cited
US4787051A
Cited
US4849692A
Cited
US4879556A
Cited
US4800721A
Cited
US4839838A
Cited
US4961138A
Cited
US4868549A
Cited
US4823634A
Cited
US4907970A
Cited
US5007085A
Cited
US4907973A
Cited
US5044956A
Cited
US5116051A
Cited
US5007300A
Cited
US5139261A
Cited
US5182557A
Cited
US5072361A
Cited
US5631861A
Cited
US5184319A
Cited
US5095303A
Cited
US5298890A
Cited
US5181181A
Cited
US5296846A
Cited
US5781172A
Cited
US5142931A
Cited
US5354162A
Cited
US5143505A
Cited
US5341459A
Cited
US5275565A
Cited
US5146566A
Cited
US5386507A
Cited
US5185561A
Cited
US5186629A
Cited
US5220260A
Cited
US5414337A
Cited
US5889670A
Cited
US5230623A
Cited
US5471571A
Cited
US5757358A
Cited
US5428748A
Cited
US5264768A
Cited
US5666473A
Cited
US5790108A
Cited
US5397323A
Cited
US5844392A
Cited
US5769640A
Cited
US5459382A
Cited
US5459382B1
Cited
US5389865A
Cited
US5629594A
Cited
US5526480A
Cited
US5451924A
Cited
US5402582A
Cited
US5429140A
Cited
US5396266A
Cited
US5405152A
Cited
US5513100A
Cited
US5576727A
Cited
US5805140A
Cited
US5734373A
Cited
US5625576A
Cited
US5436640A
Cited
US5436638A
Cited
US5742278A
Cited
US5709219A
Cited
US5623642A
Cited
US5745715A
Cited
US5586257A
Cited
US5565887A
Cited
US5623582A
Cited
US5570111A
Cited
US5666138A
Cited
US5714978A
Cited
US5767839A
Cited
US5721566A
Cited
US5565888A
Cited
US5755577A
Cited
US5786818A
Cited
US5736978A
Cited
US5589854A
Cited
US5771037A
Cited
US5805165A
Cited
US5691898A
Cited
US6028593A
Cited
US5959613A
Cited
US5760764A
Cited
US5956484A
Cited
US5802353A
Cited
US5795228A
Cited
US5791992A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-12-12 | 2004-06-12 | 2004-12-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-06-12 | 2008-12-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-12-12 | 2012-06-12 | 2012-12-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |