Internally coated reaction vessel and process for coating the same

Claim 2

A polymerization reaction vessel having on all the internal surfaces thereof a coating comprised of a polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR14## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 5 is ##STR15## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and ##STR16## wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and wherein A, B and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different; R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , or ##STR17## and may be the same or different and wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and (3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and ##STR18## wherein (4) A, B, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same as in I. and R 2 is --H, --OH, or ##STR19## as defined in (2); and (5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15, said polyaromatic amine being straight chained or branched and having a molecular weight greater than about 250.

Claim 3

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (A).

Claim 4

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (B).

Claim 5

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR20## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different; and a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR21## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.

Claim 6

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR22## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR23## wherein R is ##STR24## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 7

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR25## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 2 is --H, halogen or an alkyl group as defined for R 1 , and an aminophenol or an alkyl-substituted aminophenol having the formula ##STR26## wherein R 5 and R 6 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.

Claim 8

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of an amino phenol having the formula ##STR27## wherein R 5 and R 6 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR28## wherein R is ##STR29## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 9

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR30## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR31## wherein R is ##STR32## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 10

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a molecular weight in the range of about 250 to 2000.

Claim 11

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a softening point in the range of from about 65° C. to about 175° C.

Claim 12

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is a self-condensation product of any one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols; diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines, and any of said compounds having a halogen atom attached thereto.

Claim 13

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the condensation reaction product of more than two of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, polyhydric phenols, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols, diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines, and any of said compounds having a halogen atom attached thereto.

Claim 14

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 15

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and bisphenol A.

Claim 16

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of o-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 17

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed p-aminophenol.

Claim 18

A polymerization reaction vessel as defined in claim 1 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed p-phenylenediamine.

Claim 19

A process for substantially eliminating the build-up of polymers on all the exposed internal surfaces of a polymerization reaction vessel which comprises applying to all said internal surfaces a coating solution comprised of a straight chain or branched polyaromatic amine having a molecular weight greater than about 250 dissolved in an organic solvent therefor, said polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of ##STR33## wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR34## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 5 is ##STR35## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and ##STR36## wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and wherein A, B and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different; R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , or ##STR37## and may be the same or different and wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and (3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and ##STR38## wherein (4) A, B, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same as in I. and R 2 is --H, --OH, or ##STR39## as defined in (2); and (5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15.

Claim 20

A process for substantially eliminating the build-up of polymers on all the exposed internal surfaces of a polymerization reaction vessel which comprises applying to all said internal surfaces a coating solution comprised of a straight chain or branched polyaromatic amine having a molecular weight greater than about 250 dissolved in an organic solvent therefor, said polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of ##STR33## wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR34## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 5 is ##STR35## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and ##STR36## wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and wherein A, B and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different; R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , or ##STR37## and may be the same or different and wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and (3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and ##STR38## wherein (4) A, B, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same as in I. and R 2 is --H, --OH, or ##STR39## as defined in (2); and (5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15.

Claim 21

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (A).

Claim 22

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine has the structure (B).

Claim 23

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR40## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR41## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an a1kyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.

Claim 24

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR42## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR43## wherein R is ##STR44## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 25

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyamino benzene having the formula ##STR45## wherein R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and an aminophenol or an alkyl-substituted aminophenol having the formula ##STR46## wherein R 5 and R 6 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.

Claim 26

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of an aminophenol or an alkyl-substituted aminophenol having the formula ##STR47## wherein R 5 and R 6 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines, alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR48## wherein R is ##STR49## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 27

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of a polyhydric phenol having the formula ##STR50## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and a compound selected from the group consisting of diphenylamines and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines and other compounds all having the formula ##STR51## wherein R is ##STR52## or a straight chain or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may each be --H, --NH 2 , --OH, halogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least 2 of which are --NH 2 or --OH or one of each.

Claim 28

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the coating solution contains from about 0.10% to about 10.0% by weight of the polyaromatic amine.

Claim 29

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the organic solvent is dimethylformamide.

Claim 30

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the organic solvent is the monoethyl ether of ethylene glycol.

Claim 31

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the organic solvent is methyl alcohol.

Claim 32

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine has a molecular weight in the range of about 250 to about 2000.

Claim 33

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is a self-condensation product of any one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols, diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines, and any of said compounds having a halogen atom attached thereto.

Claim 34

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the condensation reaction product of more than two of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, polyhydric phenols, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols, diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines, and any of said compounds having a halogen atom attached thereto.

Claim 35

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 36

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and bisphenol A.

Claim 37

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of o-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 38

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed p-aminophenol.

Claim 39

A process as defined in claim 18 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed p-phenylenediamine.

Claim 40

In a process for the polymerization of olefinic monomers the improvement which comprises polymerizing the monomer or monomers in an aqueous polymerization medium and keeping said medium in constant contact throughout the polymerization reaction with a surface having thereon a water-insoluble coating comprised of a polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of ##STR53## wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR54## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 5 is ##STR55## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and ##STR56## wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and wherein A, B and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different; R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , or ##STR57## and may be the same or different and wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and (3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and ##STR58## wherein (4) A, B, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same as in I. and R 2 is --H, --OH, or ##STR59## as defined in (2); and (5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15, said polyaromatic amine being straight chained or branched and having a molecular weight greater than about 250, whereby due to said coating, polymer build-up on said surface is substantially eliminated.

Claim 41

In a process for the polymerization of olefinic monomers the improvement which comprises polymerizing the monomer or monomers in an aqueous polymerization medium and keeping said medium in constant contact throughout the polymerization reaction with a surface having thereon a water-insoluble coating comprised of a polyaromatic amine having the structure selected from the group consisting of ##STR53## wherein (1) A, B, and C are selected from the group consisting of ##STR54## wherein R 3 and R 4 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , halogen, or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be the same or different; and R 5 is ##STR55## or a straight chain or branched alkylene or alkylidene group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and ##STR56## wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and wherein A, B and C may be the same or different and each repeating unit may be the same or different; R 1 and R 2 are either --H, --OH, --NH 2 , or ##STR57## and may be the same or different and wherein R 3 and R 4 are the same as for (a); and (3) x is an integer from 1 to 20 and y is an integer from 0 to 20; and ##STR58## wherein (4) A, B, R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are the same as in I. and R 2 is --H, --OH, or ##STR59## as defined in (2); and (5) x is an integer from 1 to 4 and y is an integer from 1 to 15, said polyaromatic amine being straight chained or branched and having a molecular weight greater than about 250, whereby due to said coating, polymer build-up on said surface is substantially eliminated.

Claim 42

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the monomer is vinyl chloride.

Claim 43

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polymerization reaction is conducted at a temperature in the range of 0° C. to 100° C.

Claim 44

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensation product of any one of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols, diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines.

Claim 45

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the condensation reaction product of more than two of the compounds selected from the group consisting of polyamino benzenes, polyhydric phenols, aminophenols, alkyl-substituted aminophenols, diphenylamines, and alkyl-substituted diphenylamines.

Claim 46

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 47

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of m-phenylenediamine and bisphenol A.

Claim 48

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is the reaction product of o-phenylenediamine and resorcinol.

Claim 49

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed p-aminophenol.

Claim 50

A process as defined in claim 38 wherein the polyaromatic amine is self-condensed m-phenylenediamine.

Claim 51

A process as defined in claim 43 wherein the monomer is vinyl chloride.

Claim 52

A process as defined in claim 48 wherein the temperature of polymerization is in the range of about 40° C. to about 70° C.