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US4564426A
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Process for the deposition of palladium-nickel alloy
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1985-04-15
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Granted: 1986-01-14
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Expires: 2005-04-15
Abstract
Abstract A palladium-nickel alloy is deposited onto a substrate by electroplating from a plating bath containing palladosammine chloride, nickel ion source, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.3 at a temperature of about 60° F. to about 90° F.
Inventors
- 👤 Timothy P. Henning
- 👤 Robert D. Topa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 18:15
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/56; C25D3/567
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
90 words
An electroplating aqueous bath for depositing palladium-nickel alloy which comprises: (a) about 9 to about 15 grams per liter of palladium ion derived from palladosammine chloride; (b) about 10 to about 24 grams per liter of nickel ion; (c) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate; (d) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; (e) and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.3 and to solubilize the palladium and nickel metal ions into soluble ammonia complexes.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
90 words
An electroplating aqueous bath for depositing palladium-nickel alloy which comprises: (a) about 9 to about 15 grams per liter of palladium ion derived from palladosammine chloride; (b) about 10 to about 24 grams per liter of nickel ion; (c) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate; (d) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; (e) and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.3 and to solubilize the palladium and nickel metal ions into soluble ammonia complexes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electroplating aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein said pH is about 7.7 to about 8.1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 wherein about 10 grams per liter of palladium ion are employed.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 which comprises about 14 grams per liter of nickel ion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 wherein the source of nickel ion is nickel chloride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 which comprises about 40 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 which comprises about 30 grams per liter of ammonium chloride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 which comprises about 10 grams per liter of palladium ion; about 14 grams per liter of nickel ion; about 40 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate; about 30 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.7 to about 8.1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
The aqueous electroplating bath of claim 1 wherein said nickel ion is derived from a nickel salt selected from the group of nickel sulfamate, nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for depositing a palladium-nickel alloy on a substrate which comprises: (a) subjecting an anode to an aqueous bath comprising: (1) about 9 to about 15 grams per liter of palladium ion derived from palladosammine chloride; (2) about 10 to about 24 grams per liter of nickel ion (3) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate; (4) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; (5) and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.3 and to solubilize the palladium and nickel metal ions into soluble ammonia complexes; (b) immersing the substrate to be coated in said bath and in spaced relationship to said anode; (c) applying a plating current to said bath; and, (d) maintaining said bath at temperature of about 60° F. to about 90° F. during the plating.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for depositing a palladium-nickel alloy on a substrate which comprises: (a) subjecting an anode to an aqueous bath comprising: (1) about 9 to about 15 grams per liter of palladium ion derived from palladosammine chloride; (2) about 10 to about 24 grams per liter of nickel ion (3) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate; (4) about 10 to about 50 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; (5) and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to provide a pH of about 7.0 to about 8.3 and to solubilize the palladium and nickel metal ions into soluble ammonia complexes; (b) immersing the substrate to be coated in said bath and in spaced relationship to said anode; (c) applying a plating current to said bath; and, (d) maintaining said bath at temperature of about 60° F. to about 90° F. during the plating.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said plating current is about 1 to about 60 amperes per square foot.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said plating current is about 20 to about 60 amperes per square foot.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said nickel ion is derived from a nickel salt selected from the group of nickel sulfamate, nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the temperature during the plating is about 75° F. to about 82° F.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said substrate is an electrically conductive substrate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 10 which comprises agitating both the plating bath and substrate during the plating.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said substrate is formed of metal selected from the group of nickel, copper, and a copper-beryllium alloy.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-07-15 | 1990-01-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-01-13 | 1993-07-15 | 1994-01-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-01-13 | 1997-07-15 | 1998-01-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |