Patent US4659641A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4659641A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Bead polymerization process for toner resin compositions
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1986-07-14
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Granted: 1987-04-21
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Expires: 2006-07-14
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is an improved process for affecting preparation of resin particles by a bead polymerization reaction which for example comprises (1) providing a solution mixture of water, suspension agent, and surfactant; (2) adding thereto while stirring a monomer component, a low molecular weight wax, and a polymerization initiator; (3) affecting polymerization of the monomer by heating the resulting solution at a temperature of from about 90 degrees Centigrade to about 120 degrees Centigrade; and (4) separating the resulting polymer from the reaction mixture.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas L. Mahalek
- 👤 David R. Santo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 22:02
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F255/00; C08F255/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
83 words
An improved process for affecting the preparation of toner particles which comprises admixing resin particles prepared by a bead polymerization reaction which comprises (1) providing a solution mixture of water, suspension agent, and surfactant; (2) adding thereto while stirring a monomer component, a low molecular weight wax, and a polymerization initiator; (3) affecting polymerization of the monomer by heating the solution resulting; and (4) separating the polymer generated from the reaction mixture, with pigment particles, and a terpolymer of styrene, methylmethacrylate, and acrylonitrile.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
83 words
An improved process for affecting the preparation of toner particles which comprises admixing resin particles prepared by a bead polymerization reaction which comprises (1) providing a solution mixture of water, suspension agent, and surfactant; (2) adding thereto while stirring a monomer component, a low molecular weight wax, and a polymerization initiator; (3) affecting polymerization of the monomer by heating the solution resulting; and (4) separating the polymer generated from the reaction mixture, with pigment particles, and a terpolymer of styrene, methylmethacrylate, and acrylonitrile.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment particles are carbon black.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein for every 100 parts by weight of monomer, 120 parts by weight of water, 1 part by weight of suspension agent, 0.012 parts by weight of surfactant, 2 percent by weight of wax, and 4 percent by weight of initiator are selected for the polymer preparation.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the suspension agent is tricalcium phosphate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the surfactant is a sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is of a molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 6,000.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wax is polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is comprised of styrene based substances.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polymer is a styrene/n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein there is selected polymers particles with spherical domains of wax randomly dispersed therein of a diameter of from about 5 to about 15 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein heating is affected at between about 90 degrees Centigrade and about 120 degrees Centigrade.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-04-20 | 1990-10-20 | 1991-04-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-04-20 | 1994-10-20 | 1995-04-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-04-20 | 1998-10-20 | 1999-04-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |