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US4769080A
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Insoluble pigments and preparation thereof
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1986-06-20
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Granted: 1988-09-06
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Expires: 2006-06-20
Abstract
Abstract A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of an anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure and a water-soluble dye is disclosed. The anion exchange material may be represented by the general formula: [M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.+2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A -2 ) e (A -3 ) f (A -4 ) g .nH 2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x+2y≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y 0≦n≦10
Inventors
- 👤 Howard W. Clark
- 👤 Tracy E. Chapman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 14:55
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09B; C09B69/00; C09B69/02; C09B63/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 47
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.+2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.- where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a valence of 2; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x+2y≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y 0≦n≦10.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
121 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.+2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.- where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a valence of 2; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x+2y≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y 0≦n≦10.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is lithium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein Q is magnesium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein Q is calcium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is lithium and Q is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron and magnesium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 5 wherein M is lithium and Q is magnesium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein x is 1 and y is 0.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 6 wherein x is 0.06 and y is 0.47.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
74 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is one or more anoins selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phohsphates; and A -4 is one or more anions consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
38 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting essentially of Cl -1 , F -1 , Br -1 , I -1 , and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -2 is CO 3 -2 and d, f, and g are 0.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the anion exchange material is selected from the group consisting essentially of (LiCl) 0 .5.Al(OH) 3 , and (LiOH) 0 .5.Al(OH) 3 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
38 words
The pigment of claim 15 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The pigment of claim 16 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 17 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 18 wherein the dye is D&C Green No. 8.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
8 words
A soap containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
123 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an anion exchange material having a layered crystal structure, and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.-2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.' where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A- 4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x+2y≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y 0≦n≦10.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
123 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an anion exchange material having a layered crystal structure, and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.x.sup.+1 Q.sub.y.sup.-2.Al(OH).sub.3 ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.' where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 1; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of 2; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A- 4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; and n, x, y, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 0<x+2y≦1 d+2e+3f+4g=x+2y 0≦n≦10.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The pigment of claim 22 wherein M is lithium and Q is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, iron and magnesium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
74 words
The pigment of claim 22 wherein A -1 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phosphates; and A -4 is one or more anions consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 22 wherein A -1 is F -1 , Cl -1 , Br -1 , I -1 , and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material with a layered crystal structure is selected from the group of (LiCl) 0 .5.Al(OH) 3 , and (LiOH) 0 .5.Al(OH) 3 .
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 27 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 29 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 30 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 32 wherein the dye is D&C Green No. 8.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material and water-soluble dye are contacted together in an aqueous medium.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material and the water-soluble dye are each separately placed in an aqueous medium prior to contacting together.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 22 wherein the anion exchange material is contacted with the water-soluble dye by passing an aqueous solution of water-soluble dye through a column of solid anion exchange material.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoplastic resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoset resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the complex also comprises a water-soluble polymer.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pigment of claim 40 wherein said water-soluble polymer is a modified suspending agent.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 41 wherein said modified suspending agent is cellulose.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 22 wherein a water-soluble polymer is also contacted.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 22.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 43.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-03-07 | 1992-09-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-09-06 | 1996-03-07 | 1996-09-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-09-06 | 2000-03-07 | 2000-09-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |